Atmosphere Class 8 Questions and Answers KSEEB 8th Social Science
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answer
Question 1.
The two major gases of the atmosphere are ____________ and ____________ .
Answer:
Nitrogen and oxygen.
Question 2.
The lowest layers of the atmosphere is ____________ .
Answer:
troposphere
Question 3.
The average air pressure of the atmosphere at the sea level is ____________ .
Answer:
1013.25 mb
Question 4.
Westerlies is also known as ____________ .
Answer:
Antitrade winds
Question 5.
The scientific study of weather is ____________ .
Answer:
Meteorology.
II. Answer the following questions.
Question 1.
What is atmosphere ?
Answer:
Atmosphere is a thin layers of gases, dust, particles and water vapour surrounding the earth.
Question 2.
Name the important layers of the Atmosphere ?
Answer:
Troposphere, startosphere, mesosphere, Themosphere and Exosphere are the important layers of the atmosphere.
Question 3.
What is the significance of Ozone Layer?
Answer:
Ozone is the most important gas which absorbs Ultra Violet rays of the sun and portects all forms of life on the earth,
- This layer is free from clouds and other important weather phenomenon.
- It provides ideal flying conditions for Jet air crafts.
Question 4.
What is Doldrum? Where is it found?
Answer:
Equatorial low pressure belt region gets direct rays of the sun almost throughout the year, Hence air is always very warm and hot. This is a clam region with very little wind. So, it is known as Doldrums means ‘belt of clam’.
Question 5.
Name the different types of planetary winds?
Answer:
Planetary winds are also called permanent winds or ‘prevailing winds’ Regular winds’ which blow more or less in the same direction thronghout the year.
There are 3 types of planetary winds.
- Trade winds,
- Anti-trade winds or
- westerlies, and polar winds.
Question 6.
What are local winds? Give any two examples.
Answer:
Periodic winds are the result of variation in local temperature, pressure, humidity which in turn are attributed to the formation of air currents, crossing mountain ranges, valleys and other relief barriers.
The important periodic and local winds are land breeze, seabreeze, mountain breeze, valley breeze.
Question 7.
Mention the different types of clouds?
Answer:
Clouds is a mass of small water drops or ice crystals, formed by the condensation of the water in the atmostphere usually at a considerable height above the earth’s surface. The important types of clouds are the startus, the cumules, the cirrus and the nimbus clouds.
Question 8.
Distinguish between weather and climate?
Answer:
Weather: The atmospheric conditions of a small area at a particular time is called weather.
Ex: Cloudy, sunny, fine weather.
Climate: Climate is the overall condition of the atmosphere over a long period of time of a large area.
Ex: Equatorial climate, tropical monsoon climate, desert climate, Mediterranean climate, tundra climate.
III. Define the following
1. Ionosphere: Thermosphere is also called Ionosphere as the gaseous atoms are ionized due to very high temperature.
2. Normal lapse rate: It is the decreasing rate of temperature with the increase of altitude. The rate of decrease is 1°C for every 6.4° meters of for every 1000 meters of height.
3. Anemometer: It used to measure the speed of the wind. The direction of the wind is shown by an instrument called “wind wane” or ‘weather cock’.
4. Roaring forties: The westerlies of southern hemisphere are very strong over the ocean. Hence, they are called ‘Roaring forties (40° south Latitude) and ‘shrieking sixties’(60° south Latitude)
5. Nimbus! Nimbus clouds are rain clouds which occur at low levels, These clouds have the shape of stratus or cumulus. They are dark grey or black in appearance. They cause heavy rainfall or snow fall. TheNimbo-stratus are thick, heavy, rain bearing clouds.
6. Meteorology: The Scientific study of weather is meteorology.
Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Layers of Atmosphere picture
Answer:
Question 2.
Temperature Zone Picture
Answer:
Question 3.
Conventional rainfall and orgraphic Rainfall
Answer:
Question 4.
Cyclones and anticyclone
Answer:
Question 5.
Types of clouds
Answer:
Question 6.
Explain the types of Absolute humidity.
Answer:
Relative humidity and specific humidity.
Question 7.
Name the pressure belts of the earth
Answer:
The equatorial low pressure belt, North sub – tropical high pressure belt, south sub-tropical high pressure belt, North sub-polar low pressure belt, south subpolar low pressure belt, North polar high pressure belt, south polar high pressure belt.
Question 8.
What are the factors affecting the climate of a place ?
Answer:
The factors that influence the climate of a place or region are latitude, altitude winds, distance from the sea, distributions of land and water bodies, ocean currents etc.
Question 9.
What is rainfall? Name its kinds.
Answer:
Precipitation in the form of water droplets is called rainfall. Rainfall is of three types. They are conventional rainfalll, orographic rainfall and cyclonic rainfall.
Question 10.
What are cyclones? What are its types
Answer:
Cyclone is a small low pressure area in the centre surrounded by high pressure. The winds blow spirally towards the low pressure area. Tropical cyclones and temparate cyclones are the two types of cyclones.
Question 11.
What is Anti cyclone ?
Answer:
An anti cyclone is a high pressure area in the centre with winds blowing out wards, towards the low pressure areas. In the northern hemisphere it is anticlockwise.
Question 12.
What are the different names of the cyclones in different regions?
Answer:
- Japan and China – Typhoon
- USA and Mexico – Hurricane
- Australia – Willy Willies
- India – Cyclone
- Russia – Whirlpool
Question 13.
What are the important factors that influence atmosphere temperature?
Answer:
The important factors that influence atmospheric tempertaure are latitudes, altitudes or height, distance from the sea, wind, ocean currents, relief, clouds rainfall etc.
Question 14.
What is the composition of atmosphere
Answer:
Atmosphere is a mixture of different gases, dust particles and water vapour. The important, gases in the atmosphere are nitrogen-78.89% oxygen-20.94% and remaining 1% consists of Argon-0.93%, carbondioxide-0. 03%, ozone- 0,000005%
II. Match the followings
| 1. Temperature | a) Anemometer |
| 2. wind | b) Thermometer |
| 3. Humidity | c) Barometer |
| 4. Air | d) Barometer |
| 5. Planetary winds | e) Roaring forties |
| 6. Westernies | f) Regular winds |
Answer:
1 – b
2 – a
3 – d
4 – c
5 – f
6 – e
III. Fill in the blanks.
Question 1.
The imaginary Lines drawn on the map or globe connecting places having the same pressure are called ______________ .
Isobars
Question 2.
Doldrums means ______________ .
Belt of clam
Question 3.
______________ gas which absorbs utraviolet rays of the sun and protect life on earth.
Answer:
Ozone
Question 4.
The thickness of the Atmosphere is ______________ .
Answer:
1000 K.M
Question 5.
The coldest place on earth is ______________ .
Answer:
Vostok
Question 6.
Lines connecting places having the same temperature is called ______________ .
Answer:
Isotherms
Question 7.
The highest temperature recorded is india in ______________ .
Answer:
Ganganagar.
Question 8.
______________ of Meghalya in india has recorded 1140 mm of rainfall per year.
Answer:
Mawsynram
Question 9.
______________ of Karnataka is called Mawsynram of south India.
Answer:
Agumbe
Question 10.
The Scientific study of weather is called ______________
Answer:
Meteorology
Question 11.
orgraphic rainfall is also called ______________
Answer:
mountain rainfall.
Question 12.
The rain caused by the process’ of ______________ is called convectional rainfall.
Answer:
Convention