Indian Industries 10th Notes KSEEB Social Science
→ Industries which convert raw materials into usable products are ‘Manufacturing Industries’
→ The localization and growth of industries are influenced by many factors. The most important factors affecting the localization of industries are :
- supply of raw materials,
- supply of power,
- transport and communication facilities,
- market facilities,
- capital,
- labour and water supply,
- ideal climate and
- Government policies.
→ In India there are 8 major industrial regions. They are
- The Hooghly Kolkata region,
- The Mumbai – Pune region
- The Ahmedabad – Vadodara region,
- The Madurai – Coimbatore region,
- The Delhi Meerut region,
- Visakhapatnam – Guntur region and
- The Kolkata – Thiruvananthapuram region.
→ The major industries of India are
- Iron and Steel Industry
- Aluminium industry,
- Cotton textile industry,
- Sugar industry,
- Paper industry,
- Knowledge based industry.
→ The modem Iron and steel industry in India was started in 1874 at Kulti in West Bengal.
→ J.N.Tata started Tata Iron and Steel Company at Sakche (Jamshedpur) in 1907.’
→ The first aluminium industry was started in 1942 at Jayakaynagar in West Bengal.
→ The first modern cotton textile industry was started in 1854 at Mumbai.
→ The uncrystallized syrup called molasses extracted from raw sugar cane during refining is used to prepare Alcoholic drinks and fertilizer.
→ The crushed stems of sugarcane called Bagasse can be used for manufacture of paper and as fuel.
→ The art of paper making was introduced in India during the 10th century.
→ The first modem paper mill was set up in 1932 at Serampore in West Bengal and at Bailey in 1876.
→ Knowledge based industries’ are there which are relatively intensive in their inputs of technology and human education.
→ Knowledge based industries have become a powerful tool of socio-economic change.
→ Information Technology (IT) is a key knowledge based industry.
→ Software Technology Parks (STP) were established during 1995 in different parts of the country to encourage knowledge based industries.
→ Karnataka is in fore-front in knowledge based industry.
→ Bengaluru is known as ‘silicon valley of India’
→ Software exports earns huge foreign exchange for India.
→ IT: Information Technology
→ STP: Software Technology Park
→ SILICON VALLEY is the area in Northern California, South West of San-Fran-Sco in the Santa Clara Valley region of USA, where many of the high technology design and manufacturing companies in the semi-conductor industry are concentrated.
→ 1854: First modem cotton textile industry setup in Mumbai.
→ 1870: First modem paper industry started at Bulley in Calcutta.
→ 1874: First modem iron and steel plant established at Kulti in West Bengal.
→ 1907: J.N.Tata started Tata Iron and steel company at Sakchi near Jamshedpur.
→ 1932: First modem paper industry set up at Serampore, West Bengal but it failed.
→ 1942: First aluminium industry started in Jayakaynagar in West Bengal.
→ 1995: Establishment of software technology parks in India.