Indian Mineral and Power Resources 10th Notes KSEEB Social Science
→ ‘Mineral’ is a natural inorganic substance that possesses a definite chemical composition and physical properties eg : Iron ore etc.,
→ Some important minerals are : Iron ore, Manganese ore, Bauxite.
→ The resources which are necessary for the generation of energy are called ‘Power Resources’.
→ Power resources are essential for economic development and improving the standard of living of the people of the country.
→ Power resources are divided as a) Conventional and b) Non- conventional
→ Conventional power resources are coal, petroleum, natural gas. These are exhaustible
→ Non-conventional power resources are alternative sources of energy such as solar energy, wind, tidal, geothermal power, bio-gas etc.,
→ India is the 4th largest producer of Iron ore in the world.
→ India is the 5th largest producer of Manganese in the world.
→ Energy derived by using coal is about 67% of total energy produced in India.
→ Petroleum is mineral oil composed of Hydrocarbons
→ Petroleum is an important energy resource and raw material for industries which produce rubber, drugs, fertilizers etc.,
→ Indian imports 90% of its petroleum requirements.
→ Electricity generated from the force of falling water is called ‘Hydro-electricity’ Honest Success Series
→ The first hydro-electric power plant in India was established in Darjeeling (West Bengal) in 1897 and at Shivana Samudram, Kaveri river in Karnataka in 1902.
→ The energy generated from the atomic minerals is called “Nuclear Power’
→ The first nuclear power plant in India was set up in Tarapur in 1969.
→ Non-conventional power resources are renewable, non-polluting, free and eco-friendly
→ The main reasons for energy crisis in India is due to
- meager deposits and shortage of petroleum,
- poor quality of coal
- erratic rainfall, hence shortage of water for the generation of hydro-electricity
- loss of power in the process of transmissions and
- limited use of non-conventional energy resources.
→ The use of non-conventional energy sources will greatly reduce the dependence on exhaustible mineral deposits.
→ INORGANIC: Not derived from or composed of living matter.
→ ORE: The natural occurring deposits from which the mineral is obtained
→ MINERALOGY: The scientific study of minerals.
→ CALICO: A type of cotton cloth
→ BAUXITE: The word ‘Bauxite’ is derived from ‘Les Baux’ near Arles, France, where it was first found.
→ ALUMINIUM: The “wonder metal’ of 20th century, because of its innumerable uses.
→ PETROLEUM: Is derived from two latin words ‘Petra’ meaning Rock and Oceum meaning oil.
→ FOSSIL FUEL: Fuel made from fossilized remains of plants and animals (coal, natural gas, petroleum)