Indian Soils 10th Notes KSEEB Social Science

→ Soil is the thin surface layer of the earth comprising of closely interlaced minerals and organic substances.

→ Soil is a very important natural resource.

Indian Soils Class 10 Notes KSEEB 10th Social Science

→ The Soils of India are classified into six types :

  1. Alluvial Soil
  2. Black Soil
  3. Red Soil
  4. Laterite Soil
  5. Desert Soil and
  6. Mountain Soil

→ The soil that is comprised of Alluvium is Alluvial soil.

→ The fine and newer alluvium is called “Khadar”.

→ The coarse gravel and older alluvium is called “Bhangar”

→Wheat, paddy, sugarcane, cotton, Jute, Potato & vegetables are grown on Alluvial soil.

→ Black soil or Regur soil or Black cotton soil are derived from Basalt Rocks and have high clay content.

→ Black soil is best suited for cotton, sugarcane, Jowar, Maize, Pulses, Wheat 85 Chillies.

→ Red soils are formed from the weathering of granite gneiss & other crystalline rocks.

→ Red soil is found in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu etc.

Indian Soils Class 10 Notes KSEEB 10th Social Science

→ Red soil is ideal for Ragi, Millets, Groundnuts, tobacco & potato.

→ Laterite soils are formed in tropical areas under the conditions of high temperature and rainfall.

→ In Karnataka Laterite soils are found in the Western Ghats.

→ Only cashew, rubber, tea, coffee and paddy can be grown in Laterile soils.

→ Desert soils are formed under desert climate.

→ Desert soils have high content of soluble salts.

→ Desert soils are sandy and low in moisture and humus.

→ Mountain soils are formed due to decompositions of organic matter.

→ Mountain soils are useful for plantation crops such as tea, coffee & fruits.

→ The removal of top soil by natural agents like rivers, glaciers, winds, sea waves is called ‘soil erosion’.

→ Soil erosion depletes the fertility of the soil.

→ The main causes of soil erosion are:

  • Deforestation
  • Overgrazing
  • Shifting Cultivation
  • Faulty Methods of Cultivation
  • Use of top soil for making bricks, tiles etc.

Indian Soils Class 10 Notes KSEEB 10th Social Science

→ Protection of soil from erosion and preservation of fertility of soil is called “soil conservation”

→ GNEISS: is a metamorphic rock formed by the metamorphosis of granite or sedimentary rocks.

→ DECCAN BASALT TRAPS: are the largest volcanic provinces of the world, located, in the Deccan Plateau, consisting of multiple layers of solidified Basalt.

→ HUMUS: The organic component of soil formed in the decomposition of leaves and plants.

→ SHIFTING CULTIVATION: a form of agriculture in which an area of ground is cleared of vegetation and cultivated for a few years and then abandoned for a new area until its fertility has been naturally refreshed.

→ CONTOUR BUNDING: A land management practice for sloping and hilly land.

→ BENCH TERRACING: Are a series of level or virtually level strips running across the slope at vertical intervals supported by steps or banks or risers.

→ AFFORESTATION: The establishment of a forest on a area where there was no previous tree cover.

→ REFORESTATION: The process of replanting an area with trees.

KSEEB 10th Social Science Notes

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *