Indian Water Resources 10th Notes KSEEB Social Science
→ Water is the most precious natural resource
→ Water resources can be divided into
- Surface water
- Ground water
→ Then river systems of India can be divided into
a. Rivers of North India: or ‘Himalayan rivers’
Eg: Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra
b. Rivers of South India or ‘Peninsular India’ Mahanadi, Godavari, Kaveri
→ The artificial supply of water for the purpose of agriculture is called irrigation.
→ The important types of irrigation in India are wells, canals and tanks.
→ Agriculture in India depends on irrigation because of the seasonal, uncertain and unevenly distributed monsoon rains.
→ India has the largest area under irrigation in the world and China ranks second.
→ The river valley projects which provide multiple benefits are called “Multipurpose river valley projects.’
→ The main aim of Multipurpose river valley projects are :
- To provide water for irrigation
- To generate electricity
- To provide water for industrial and domestic purpose.
→ Some of the major multipurpose projects are :
- Damodar Valley Project
- Bhakra Nangal Project
- Hirakud Project
- Tungabhadra Project
- Upperkrishna Project
- Koshi Project
- Rihand Valley Project
- Nagarajuna Sagar Project
→ River Koshi was called the ‘Sorrow of Bihar’ and River Mahanadi was called the ‘Sorrow of Orissa’
→ The river Brahmaputra is known as Tsang-Po in Tibet
→ The river Brahmaputra forms the world’s largest river island called ‘Majuli’
→ MANAS SAROVAR: The lake which is the source of river Brahmaputra lies in Tibet
→ GANGOTRI GLACIER: The source of river Ganges
→ Mt. KAILASH (Tibet): The source of river Indus or Sindhu river
→ SIHAWALIK RANGE: The source of river Mahanadi
→ AMARAKANTHK HILLS: The source of river Narmada