International Institutions 10th Notes KSEEB Social Science
→ The ‘United Nations organisation’ was established on October 24, 1945.
→ There are, now, 193 member countries in the UNO
→ The following are the aims of UNO
- Safeguarding international peace of security.
- Fostering cooperation among nations.
- Improving the faith in human rights.
- Exploring solutions to various economic, sociological, cultural and other humanity based problems with international cooperation.
- Providing recognition to international agreements and conditions.
- Striving to build mutual trust and cooperation among the countries.
→ The affiliated bodies of UNO are:
- General Assembly
- United Nations Security Council
- Economic and Social Committee
- Trusteeship Council
- International Court of Justice (ICJ)
- United Nations Secretariat
- The UN General Secretary is Antonio Guterres of Portugal
→ The achievements of UNO are:
- Peacekeeping functions of Suez Canal, Iran, Indonesia, Kashmir, Palestine, Korea etc.
- Economic and Financial Achievements: General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT) Establishment of World Rank, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- Social Achievements: World Health organization (WHO) UNESCO, UNICEF, World Refugee Council etc.
→ Organisations under UNO are :
- Food and Agriculture organization (FAO (1945))
- World Health Organisaton (WHO – 1948)]
- United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO-1946)
- United Nations International Emergency Fund (UNICEF – 1946)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF – 1947)
- International Bank for Re¬construction and Development (IBRD -1947)
- International labour organization (ILO)
- UNO’s Trade and Commerce progress Committee.
- World Trade Organisation (WTO)
→ Regional Co-operation Organisations are:
- Common Wealth of Nations (1926)
- South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC- 1985)
- European Union (1992)
- Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN -1967)
- The organization of African Unity (1963)
→ UNICEF received Nobel Award in the year 1965.
→ WINSTON CHURCHILL: The Prime Minister of United Kingdom during 1940-1945
→ JOSEPH STALIN: Premier of Soviet Union from 1941 to 1953
→ FRANKLIN D. ROOSERELT: President of USA from 1933 to 1945
→ GATT: General Agreement of Tariff and Trade
→ 1926: Establishment of common wealth of National.
→ 1945: Establishment of UNO on October 24, 1945
→ 1946: 1. Establishment of UNESCO 2. Establishment of UNICEF
→ 1947: a. Establishment of IMF, b. Formation of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
→ 1948: 1. Universal Declaration of Human Right by UNO
→ 1956: UNICEF became a permanent body of UNO
→ 1963: Establishment of ‘organization of African Unity’
→ 1965: UNICEF was awarded the Nobel peace prize.
→ 1967: Establishment of ASEAN
→ 1985: Formation of SAARC
→ 1992: Formation of European Union
→ 1995: Formation of World Trade Organisation (January 1, 1995)