KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 3 Poverty and Hunger

Students can Download Economics Chapter 3 Poverty and Hunger Questions and Answers, Notes, KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Social Science helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Karnataka State Syllabus Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 3 Poverty and Hunger

Class 9 Social Science Poverty and Hunger Textual Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

Question 1.
The percentage of poor according to NSSO in 2004-05 was __________
Answer:
27.7%

Question 2.
The Indian government has established __________ to buy and store food grains.
Answer:
Food Corporation of India (FCI)

Question 3.
The Health Insurance that is provided to poor people is called ___________
Answer:
Yashaswini.

Question 4.
The project programme for providing old age pension is ____________
Answer:
Sandhya Suraksha Yojana.

Question 5.
The price at which government purchase __________ before sowing is called _________
Answer:
at minimum support prices and Buffer stock operation.

II. Answer the following in a sentence each :

Question 1.
Give the meaning of ‘poverty’.
Answer:
The condition in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter, education and health is called poverty.

Question 2.
What are the basic requirements of human beings?
Answer:
Food, clothing, shelter, education, and health are the basic requirements of human beings,

Question 3.
What is ‘poverty line’?
Answer:
The estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the basic necessities of life is called the poverty line.

Question 4.
What is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger?
Answer:
Global Hunger Index (GHI)

Question 5.
What is ‘food security’?
Answer:
Food Security refers to the system which ensures the provision of food at all times to everyone in the country.

Question 6.
What is Buffer Stock?
Answer:
Storing of food grains held as a reserve to safeguard against unforeseen scarcity of food grains due to natural calamities, strikes, or war is called Buffer Stock.

III. Answer the following in five-six sentences each :

Question 1.
How is poverty identified in India?
Answer:
In 2005, the Suresh Tendulkar Committee adopted the monthly per capital expenditure (MPCE) on education, health, electricity, and transport, along with food to determine the poverty line. Later C. Rangarajan Committee following the Tendulkar Committee recommendations fixed the poverty line expenditure at Rs, 32 in rural areas and Rs. 47 in urban areas.

Question 2.
What are the indicators of poverty?
Answer:
Poor people live in kachh houses that have walls and roofs of mud, coconut leaves, and grass. They may be living in small tents or huts made of tin sheets on the roadsides or under the trees. The area in cities where such people live is called slums. Thus the condition in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter, education, and health is called poverty.

Question 3.
What are the reasons for the persistence of hunger in India?
Answer:
The major economic factors that have contributed to the current poverty are:

1. Rapid Increase in Population: Rapid increase in the population is the major cause as any amount of development is going to be insufficient for providing the basic necessities of people.
2. Low Level and Growth of National Income: Due to the general underdevelopment on the one hand and the rapid rise in population on the other, the per capita income has remained at a lower level.
3. Rise in Price Level: Continuously rising prices have reduced the people’s purchasing power, especially of those whose income is lower.
4. Unemployment: The inability of the development process to gainfully absorb the working population is another reason for poverty.
5. Capital Deficiency: The low income and lower savings yielded less money for investment for the growth of the country.

Question 4.
Explain the working of the public distribution system in India.
Answer:
The food grains procured by the FCI are distributed to the poor people at lesser than market prices through the fair price shops. This is called as the public distribution system. Foodgrains, sugar, kerosene, cooking oil, and other essential items are distributed through these fair price shops. The government has taken steps to open fair price shops in all villages, towns, and cities. There are around 5 lakh fair price depots in India today, and around 16 crore families are benefitting from them. The poor families are provided BPL (Below Poverty Line) ration cards which entitles them to a higher quantity of grains at a very low price or sometimes free of cost.

Question 5.
List out the measures taken by the government to eradicate poverty.
Answer:
The government has taken many measures to reduce poverty through varied means. They are as follows :

1. Economic Development Measures: The government has attempted to achieve economic development through five-year plans. The plans have aimed at an overall higher growth rate in incomes and equal distribution of that income among all people.
2. Implementation of Poverty Eradication Programs: From 1960 onwards, the government has been implementing many programs for providing employment to people in rural and urban areas.
3. In 2006, ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme’ was launched. The scheme aims at providing wage employment for a minimum of 100 days in a year to at least one adult member of poor households. The statutory minimum wages are paid through bank or post office accounts and equal wages are paid to male and female workers. This scheme has helped in improving the employment and incomes of poor people in many parts of the country.

Question 6.
Explain social security measures for poor people.
Answer:
The protection that the government provides to the helpless, the aged, and the handicapped among the very poor people are called social security. Deserted old people get old age allowance every month under ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’. Handicapped people and helpless people incapable of doing any work get a disability pension every month. Poor widows get a widow pension every month.