KSEEB 10th English Science and Hope of Survival Lesson Notes Questions and Answers
Check Your Understanding :
“Share your responses”
(Refer to Text Page No. 164-166):
Question 1.
The professional addressed as ‘you’ in the statement above refers more than others to a …………..
(Fill in the blank choosing the best form in alternatives below ………
(i) scientist
(ii) lawyer
(iii) doctor
(iv) businessman
Answer:
(i) scientist
a. ‘If you are so clever, why are you so poor’
b. Justify your choice in the above question.
Answer:
Because other professions fetch lot of money.
Question 2.
Read paragraph (1) and (2) carefully, and fill in the blanks in the columns below:
Answer:
| Professionals | A writer | A scientist | A lawyer |
| Vocation | Writing | Discovery | arguing |
| Field of activity | Literature | Technology | Law |
| Reward | Appreciation | Promotions & Honours | money |
Question 3.
A few words are given below. Some of them are related to the field of business, and some are to the field of science. May be a couple of them related to both. Read, discuss and fill them in columns A, B and C accordingly.
Wealth, profit and loss, friendship, rational thinking, advertisement, exploring nature, exploitation of nature, discovery, commerce, research, playing to popular sentiments, universality
Answer:
| Field of Science | Field of business | Both |
| friendship, Rational thinking, exploring Nature, Discovery | wealth, profit & loss, exploitation of Nature. Commerce playing to popular sentiments | advertisement universality
|
Question 4.
The writer says, “I found myself in Geneva.” It expresses, more than anything else, the writer’s ………… (choose the right option and fill in the blank)
(i) pleasure
(ii) surprise
(iii) anxiety
(iv) annoyance
[Choose the correct word and fill in the blank]
Answer:
(ii) surprise
Question 5.
A few statements are given below.
Read them and say which of them are true or false according to the text. Tick Yes! No accordingly
(i) The war was going on between the US and the USSR when Geneva meeting was called. Yes /No
Answer: No
(ii) Everyone lived under the fear of annihilation by nuclear weapons. Yes / No
Answer: Yes
(iii) In the nuclear war, the first who strikes will be the survivor. Yes/No
Answer: No
(iv) The three superpowers were willing to put a ban on nuclear weapon test. Yes / No
Answer: Yes
Question 6.
Earth tremors are caused by two factors. One is the earthquake. What is the other factor?
Answer:
Another factor is underground nuclear explosions.
Question 7.
Which of the following qualities helped the scientists to come up with a solution to the problem? Which of them did not? Put right (✓) or (x) wrong in the boxes
Question 8.
What was the important decision that the politicians took before Geneva Summit?
Answer:
They took the decision, ‘Nuclear Test Ban’.
Question 9.
“Immersion in science does not go with common sense,” suggests ………..
(i) foolishness of scientists
(ii) absentmindedness of scientists
(iii) that scientists do not bother about the results of their work
(Complete the sentence with the right choice)
Answer:
(iii) that scientists do not bother about the results of their work.
Question 10.
With whose help can the world be ready with preparedness to face the challenges that the natural calamities pose?
Answer:
It is with the help of money, intellectual resources, and basic research.
Question 11.
Who will be headhunted by financial Institutions and pharmaceutical Industries? Why?
Answer:
People trained in theoretical physics are head haunted by financial Institutions: those trained in frontiers of biological research become founders and directors in the pharmaceutical industry, because of their knowledge of basic science. This basic research provides energy new mineral deposits and efficient defence from terrorism, cure from cancer and new forms of transportation.
Question 12.
Some statements are given below. Are they true ? Why or Why not. Discuss with your partner.
(a) Money is more powerful than intellectual resources.
(b) Intellectual resources help survival of mankind.
(c) Basic research is a way of stalling disasters.
Answer:
(a) Money is more powerful than intellectual resources – this statement is not true. If a man doesn’t possess any intelligence, he is good for nothing. He is rich but poor in other matter. The intellectual resource tells the people how to use money and for what purpose.
(b) Intellectual resources help survival of mankind. This is true. Because when we think of the Earth planet, we should strive hard to save it. It requires intellectual resource, which helps us to think, evaluate, organise and draw conclusions.
(c) Basic research is a way of stalling disasters – This is true because basic research helps us to look at things clearly. It gives a good view. It teaches us to use science humanly so as to make it our guardian and care taker. If we possess basic research, it will be the controlling force to stop or prevent disasters.
Question 13.
Imagine that you and some of your classmates have been selected to represent India in a meeting of scientists to be held in Russia to discuss about the nuclear test. How would you all prepare for the meeting? Discuss among yourselves and write a paragraph about your proposed argument in the meeting.
Answer:
No doubt, every Nation should be powerful, because of the impending dangers, but the utmost important thing is that, we need to have nuclear power to show our might not to destroy others, if we hate them. ‘Mutually Assured Destruction’ (MAD) should be kept in our mind so as to avoid wars. Securely has no place in this. Everyone should be plain and live peacefully over this good planet called Earth. We should make our world as ‘heaven’ but certainly not hell.
“Avoid Shell; Destroy hell,
Use Shell humanly; live Peacefully” should be our motto.
Enrich Your Vocabulary
Collocations
Task – 1:
Take a look at the underlined words in the given paragraph. The word ‘train’ collocates (combines naturally) with ‘fast’ and not with ‘brisk’.
Answer:
I boarded the fast train to Delhi along with my parents and sister last evening. After reaching Delhi we checked into a hotel which was booked earlier. I had a quick glance at the menu and placed orders for some snacks. Next morning, my father and I took a brisk walk in the garden outside the hotel and looked for birds on the trees. But we were disappointed as there had been a rapid decline in the number of birds.
Task – 2:
Following the example given above, fill in the blanks with correct collocations (appropriate combination of words) choosing from those given in brackets.
Answer:
The Government sanctioned a few crores of rupees to build a stadium in our town. The builders made a rapid progress with the stadium. While the work was in progress, unfortunately, a boulder rolled down on a worker and he was injured! Immediately, he was rushed to a nearby hospital. I wished him a speedy recovery. The Government took a swift action against the builders. The builders made a prompt payment of the bills of the hospital. (a speedy recovery, a prompt payment, a swift action, a rapid progress)
Task – 3 :
Champaka is in Goa. She writes a letter to her friend, Suma. She, consciously uses collocations leaving options for Suma to choose right collocations. How would Suma use them?
Answer:
Hi Suma
Weather’s fantastic here. We take a stroll along the beach every morning. My grandpa made friends with some foreigners here yesterday. He exchanged some interesting ideas with them. I happened to read an article on climate change in one of the local news papers. It was excellent and said that rising sea levels are the disturbing factors for the ecological balance. They are causing irreparable damage to the environment. I will be back in Bengaluru next week and we can discuss more about these things. Take care.
Bye,
Champaka
Task – 4 :
Match the words in the box on the left with the words that they collocate with on the right. Note some words shown in the box A may collocate with more than one word in box B. After matching, frame appropriate sentences. You may follow the given examples.
Answer:
1. Sunder’s joke drew hilarious laughter from the audience.
2. Amit raised certain doubts about the decisions of the meeting.
3. Arun committed a crime.
4. We all should combat to prevent violence.
5. I don’t know how to raise money.
6. My friend drew parallel argument about nuclear Test.
7. One should lay emphasis to save our Earth.
8. My friend knows how to make money.
Listen and Comprehend
Task-1:
The teacher reads the passage. Listen to the teacher carefully and fill in the table as the teacher reads the passage.
Code name of first
nuclear device : Operation Smiling Buddha
Date of explosion : 18th May 1974
Code name of Pokhran II : Operation Shakti
Test site : Pokhran
Number of nuclear weapons detonated : Five
Type of device : Thermonuclear Device
Speak Well
Persuading
Task-1:
Read the dialogue between an interviewer and a scientist who is reluctant to talk about his experience and how the interviewer persuades him to open up.
(Refer to Text Page No. 170)
Task-2:
You can write a dialogue persuading your friend to accompany you on a trip to a hill station in Karnataka. You can make use of the following phrases.
You ought to ——–
You’d better ———-
I would urge you to ——–
Shouldn’t you ———
Amn: Hai, Varun, How are you ?
Vanin: Hai, I’m fine.
Amn: How about going to a trip to a hill station?
Vamn: Sorry, I am busy.
Amn: You ought to come.
Vamn: I’ve some work.
Amn: I would urge you to do it after we come from the trip.
Vamn: Let me see.
Amn: You’d better join us please.
Vamn: Let me consult my partner.
Amn: Shouldn’t you make a phone call?
Vamn: Yes. I will join you.
Amn: Thank you. Now it is a nice trip.
Vamn: Pleasure is mine also
Read and Respond
Task-1:
Read the given story. The bits of the story are jumbled. You can arrange them in the right order to complete the story. You can also give a suitable title to it.
1. “Your candle has burned out, brother,” replied the stranger.
2. “I do not need a lantern,” he said. “Darkness or light is all the same to me.”
3. The blind man started off with the lantern and before he had walked far, someone ran into him. “Look out where you are going!” he exclaimed to the stranger. “Can’t you see the lantern”?
4. In early times in Japan, bamboo and paper lanterns were made with candles inside. A blind man, visiting a friend one night, was offered a lantern to cany home with him.
5. “I know you do not need a lantern to find your way,” his friend replied. “But if you don’t have one, someone else may run into you. So, you must take it.”
Answer:
4. In early times in Japan, bamboo and paper lanterns were made with candles inside. A blind man, visiting a friend one night, was offered a lantern to carry home with him.
3. The blind man started off with the lantern and before he had walked far, someone ran into him. “Look out where you are going!” he exclaimed to the stranger. “Can’t you see the lantern”?
1. “Your candle has burned out, brother,” replied the stranger.
2. “I do not need a lantern,” he said. “Darkness or light is all the same to me.”
5. “I know you do not need a lantern to find your way,” his friend replied. “But if you don’t have one, someone else may run into you. So, you must take it.”
Title : “A Blind Man With The Lantern”
Practise Writing
Editing
Task-2 :
Edit and rewrite the following article written by your friend for the school magazine on “Rockets.”
Answer:
Rockets carry satellites and people into space, aThe rocket burn fuel produce an a jet of gas. The hot gas expands and blasts downwards causing a force to push the rocket up. The first liquid-fuelled rocket is launched in 1926. It reached 12.5 M. The flight lasted 2.5 seconds. There are many kind of rockets. Today rockets such Arianne 5 is are used to sent d satellites size determine whether It Is sent d up by a small or a large rocket.
Note : Your editing includes
a. corrections
b. deletions
c. additions
d. substitutions, wherever necessary
the passage by choosing appropriate word/words given below.
Jane: Good morning, Robert.
Robert: Very good morning, Jane.
Jane: Let’s not waste our time. Shall we begin? Robert: Sure. I’m rather glad you raised the subject.
Answer:
Jane and Robert exchanged pleasantries. Jane was eager to get into the business. She asked him if they should begin their talks Robert accepted and told her that he was glad as she had raised the subject.
told her (2)
had raised (4)
if they should begin their talks (1) he was (3)]
Task-3 :
Read what happened in a camera shop between the owner, Henry and a customer, Arathi. Complete the paragraph that follows using the given choices appropriately.
Henry : Here’s a nice camera.
Arathi : Oh, it’s beautiful!
Henry : That’s a little expensive.
Arathi: How much is it?
Henry : It’s 175 dollars.
Arathi : I think this one will be fine.
Answer:
Henry showed Arathi a nice camera. She remarked that it was beautiful. Henry admired it saving that the camera was a bit costly. Later, she wanted to know about
Its price to which he replied that It was 175 dollars. Finally. Arathi decided to buy It.
a. remarked that
b. wanted to know
c. replied that It was
d. admired it saying that
Task-4 :
Read the conversation between two old school friends and write it in a paragraph in the reported
form.
Chandan : I met Rani last week in Mysore.
Raghu: Oh. Does she Look the same?
Chandan :Theres a little bit of change In her
appearance. But, she remains the same.
Raghu: What’s she doing now?
Chandan :She works for a private company.
Answer:
Chandan told Raghu that he met Rani the previous week in Mysore. Raghu was surprised and wanted to know whether rani looked the same. Chandan replied that he noticed a change in her appearance but there was no change in her looks. Raghu wanted to know the profession of Rani or wanted to know what she was doing. Chandan remarked that she worked for a private company.
Make Reference
Let us know the following :
1. Encyclopaedia : It gives you basic information on every subject. The information is placed in alphabetical order.
2. Dictionary : It helps you to know the meanings, spellings, pronunciation and variations of words.
3. Thesaurus : It is a book of synonyms. It has list of words and phrases which are grouped according to their meaning.
4. Atlas : It is a book of maps. You can find a particular place in the world.
Task-2 :
Your teacher asks you to find out the information on the following. Which reference material would you refer to?
i. Information on nuclear weapons.
Answer:
Encyclopaedia
ii. Pronunciation of the word, “exemplification.”
Answer:
Dictionary
iii. Synonym of the word, “natural.”
Answer:
Thesaurus
iv. The place where first nuclear bombs exploded.
Answer:
Atlas
v. Variations of the word “inspire.”
Answer:
Dictionary
vi. To know the spelling of the word, ’’approximately.”
Answer:
Dictionary
vii. To collect the information about the things that the scientists need for their research.
Answer:
Encyclopaedia
viii. To find out the phrase that means, “to continue.”
Answer:
Thesaurus.
Self – Assessment
Read the statements and put a tick mark in the appropriate box.
Answer:
| SI. No. | Statement | Yes | No | To some extent |
| 1. | I collected newspaper clippings about recent natural calamities. | ✓ | ||
| 2. | I shared information with my partners. | ✓ | ||
| 3. | I discussed the reasons for such natural calamities with my friends. | ✓ | ||
| 4. | I helped my partners to prepare an album. | ✓ | ||
| 5. | I’d like to help the victims of the natural calamities. | ✓ |