8th English Luther Burbank Lesson Notes Question Answer Summary

KSEEB 8th English Luther Burbank Notes Summary Questions and Answers

ILA. Your teacher reads a passage. Listen to it. Then answer these questions.

Question 1.
Name any one trick which the magician says he can perform?
Answer:
Magician can change a piece of paper into a hundred rupee note.

Question 2.
Usually how does a magician play a trick?
Answer:
Magicians hypnotise people, that means they capture their attention.

Question 3.
Do you think a magician can grow many kinds of mangoes on a single tree?
Answer:
No, I don’t think that a magician can grow many kinds of mangoes on a single tree.

IRA. Read the following and answer the questions given below.

1. In the photo you see Haj i Kalimullah Khan from Mallihabad, U.P. He has grown 300 different kinds of Mangoes on a single tree. Recently he won the Padmashri award for this and he also finds his name in the Limca Book of Records. He talks so lovingly about his orchard and his trees as if he were talking about his own children.

2. Khan’s prized tree is about 100 years old. He has been growing different varieties of mangoes on it since 1987. Recently he has developed 5 more new varieties of mangoes on the same tree.

3. The craft developed by him has become a mystery for researchers and agriculturists alike. They are immensely surprised by his work. One of his previous creations is a tree in the Moghal Garden at the Rashtrapati Bhawan, flowering 54 kinds of mangoes. The ten feet tall tree was brought from his garden to Delhi in 1999 as a present to the then President.

Questions with Answers

Question 1.
What is Haji Kalimulla Khan’s main achievement?
Answer:
Haji Kalimullah Khan has grown 300 different kinds of mangoes on a single treee. It is his main achievement.

Question 2.
How has the Government recognised his achievements?
Answer:
Indian Government has recognised his achievements by awarding him Padmashri Award.

Question 3.
Say which words are used to mean the following.

1. greatly
2. unbelievable event
3. of late
4. kinds
5. technique

Answer:

1. immensely
2. mystery
3. recently
4. varieties
5. craft

Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Name the fields in which Luther Burbank’s influence prevails.
Answer:
Luther Burbank’s influence prevai Is in the scientific community among those who work in the fields of agriculture, horticulture, forestry and livestock.

Question 2.
When was Luther Burbank born?
Answer:
Luther Burbank was born on March 7, 1849.

Question 3.
What was Luther Burbank’s goal in life?
Answer:
Luther Burbank’s goal was to grow new varieties flower, fruits and vegetable plants.

Question 4.
Name the book that helped Burbank to decide on his goal of life?
Answer:
Darwin’s Book “Variation of animals and plants under domestication” that helped Burbank to decide on his goal of life.

Question 5.
How was the weather in the State of California?
Answer:
In- California, the weather was mild and the soil was rich and varied.

Question 6.
How many varieties of fruits did Burbank grow on an arce of his farm?
Answer:
Several thousand varieties of fruits Burbank had grown on an acre of his farm. He had grown 526 different types of apples on the same tree by grafting.

Question 7.
How was the weather in the State of California?
Answer:
In- California, the weather was mild and the soil was rich and varied.

Question 8.
What is grafting?
Ans.
Grafting is cutting a living twig of plant and fixing it in a cut made in another plant, to form a new growth.

II. Which of the following things was Burbank able to do because of his experimentation? [Tick off [✓] [against the true statements, and a [×] against others].

a) Growing hundreds of varieties of apples.
Answer:
[✓]

b) Spending 15 years for a tree to bear fruit.
Answer:
[×]

c) Making a young plant yield fruit in a year or two. [V]
Answer:
[✓]

d) Growing about 526 varieties of apples in an acre of his farm.[V]
Answer:
[✓]

III. Read and discuss your responses with your partner. Then write:

Question 1.
How did Burbank’s genius benefit the life of a common man?
Answer:
The products of Burbank’s genius continue to play a part in the day-to-day lives of the people throughout the world. His influence prevails in the scientific community among those who work in the fields of agriculture, horticulture, forestry and livestock. His most important contribution is a lovely flower that never existed before. He developed a fruit and vegetable, the taste of which was improved with his experiment.

Question 2.
Why did Burbank move from Massachusetts to California?
Answer:
Burbank found that the climate of his native place was not suitable for his work. So he moved to the state of California at the age of 26. In California, the weather was mild and the soil was fertile and varied. It was a suitable place for his work.

Question 3.
What did Burbank call his new home? and why?
Answer:
Burbank called his new home as ‘The chosen spot’, because he considered that place to be best suited for his work, when compared to other places on the earth.

Question 4.
How did grafting help Burbank in his experimentation?
Answer:
Grafting helped him to get several thousand different varieties of fruits in one arce of his farm. He had grown 526 different types of apples on the same tree, by grafting. It helped him not only to save space, but also to speed up his experiments. Instead of waiting for 15 years for a tree to give fruits, he would graft (a twig from a young plant to a fruit bearing tree) and get fruits in just two or three years. It increased his efficiency of experimentation

Question 5.
In what way did Burbank save space and speed up his experiments?
Answer:
Burbank was able to grow several thousand different varieties of fruits by grafting. He grafted many twigs on a single tree. He had grown 526 different types of apples on the same tree. It was possible for him not only to save space but also to speed up his experiments.

Question 6.
What were Burbank’s experiments on cherry, blackberry, cactus and shasta daisy?
Answer:
He developed an improved cherry, a thornless Blackberry, a cactus without thorns that is largely used as food for livestock, a peach tree that could withstand freezing weather and a new flower ‘ Shasta Daisy’.

IV. Write a paragraph on each of the following.

Question 1.
Write a note on Burbank’s early life?
Answer:
Burbank was born on March 7, 1849. He was brought up on a farm in the state of Massachusetts. He was attracted towards the wonders of nature and learned the techniques of growing various crops and plants during his early years. But when he read Darwin’s book “Variation of animals and plants under Domestication’, he decided to devote his life to grow new varieties of plants. He started market gardening and became successful.

Question 2.
Describe the three techniques on which Burbank’s experiments were based.
Answer:
Burbank made the experiments on three basic techniques. He had grown a variety of domestic and foreign plants under different conditions. They would prove strong, plentiful and showed other desirable qualities.

Secondly, he had grown many varieties of fruits, flowers and vegetables by changing water, food supply, temperature, light or space. He had grown very dissimilar qualities of plants by crossing the plants.
In the final step, he could recognize and select the plants which showed desirable changes and selected them for further experiments.

Question 3.
How did Burbank react when some of his efforts ended in failure?
Answer:
Burbank was not disappoined when his efforts ended in failure. At one time, he crossed a tomato with a potato. Though a vegetable was produced, it had no commerical value. But his devotion was so deep and strong that nothing could disappoint him.

Luther Burbank Lesson Vocabulary in English

VI. Look at the following phrase and see how the two words go together. They are collocative words.

1. sunny weather
2. smiling face
3. hard-working scientist
4. improved cherry

Now fill in the blanks with the most appropriate describing words given in the box below. For a few, you may have more than one combination.

1. _____________ community
2. _____________ soil
3. _____________ black berry
4. _____________ cactus
5. _____________ attempt
6. _____________ value

Answer:

1. Scientific
2. rich
3. white/thornless
4. desert/thornless
5. successfull
6. commercial

V2. Given below are some names. Classify them into categories of flowers, fruits and vegetables. You may consult a dictionary/ encyclopaedia if you need.

Orange, plum, neem, mango, desert cactus, black berry, banana, brinjal, potato, cherry, lemon, apple, grapes, jasmine, lotus, shasta daisy, marigold, rose, tomato, peach, carrot, watermelon.
Answer:

A. Listen and Speak

Diphthongs / au / and / əʊ / task 1 and task 2 Drunken Monkey Kung Fu scares Villagers.

1. Chikkanayakanahalli: A monkey, addicted to alcohol and often attacking people, is scaring the wits out of the residents of Shettykere, a village here.

2. The monkey was first noticed in the village a month ago. It has taken a liking for alcohol, perhaps due to some mischievous alcohol addicts in the villages, initiating it into drinking. It is now addicted to the brew and often gets high. It has also become indiscriminate in its eating habits and has put on weight and become aggressive.

3. Once inebriated, the monkey begins harassing passersby and even attacking them. The aggressive monkey scares even a large crowd. So far, it has attacked at least 30 persons, and injured many of them. Even dogs are among its victims.

4. The monkey, which has made the bus terminal its home, snatches travellers’ bags and their belongings. Anyone resisting it is attacked.

5. But pious, if not cowardly they are, the residents see it as an incarnation of Hanuman, the monkey god, and worship it, but their piety is wearing thin, and they want someone to get rid of the rowdy Simian.

Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Where and when was the drunken monkey noticed first?
Answer:
The drunken monkey was first noticed in Shettykere village a month ago.

Question 2.
How did addiction affect the monkey? (See paragraph 2)
Answer:
Monkey got addicted to alcohol and often got high. It became indiscriminate in its eating habits and had put on weight and became aggressive.

Question 3.
You may have come across new words in this news report. Meaning of the words used, and the paragraph numbers where they appear are given.
Find out the words and write them in the blanks provided.
eg: attacking _________________ (P3) _________________
Answer:
aggressive

takes away _________________ (P4) _________________
Answer:
Snatches

Avatar _________________ (P5) _________________
Answer:
incarnation

troubling _________________ (P5) _________________
Answer:
rowdy

monkey (P5) _________________ (P3) _________________
Answer:
simian

Question 4.
Match the phrases with their meanings

A	B
1. scaring the wits out of	a. avoiding ( )
2. getting high	b. vanishing ( )
3. wearing thin	c. making one very much afraid ( )
4. getting rid of	d. going up the hill ( )
5. feeling very difficult to do something	e. being overdrunk ( )
	f. cowardly ( )

Answer:

1. – c,
2. – e,
3. – b,
4. – a,
5. – f.

B. Grammar

The Passive Voice
Task. Match the names in the left hand column with the discoveries / inventions / compositions etc. in the right-hand column. Then write sentences in both active and passive voices using the agent and appropriate verbs.

1. Kalidasa	a. Geeta Govinda
2. Jayadeva	b. Shakuntala
3. Tagore	c.  Film‘Tare Zameen Par’
4. Amir Khan	d. Jai Ho
5. Gulzar	e. Harry Potter
6. J.K. Rowling	f. Geethanjali
7. Galileo	g. telescope

Answer:

1. – b,
2. – a,
3. – f,
4. – c,
5. – d,
6. – e,
7. – g.

e.g., Galileo invented the telescope.
The telescope was invented by Galileo.

1. Kalidasa wrote Shakuntala.
Shakuntala was written by Kalidasa.

2. Jayadeva wrote Geeta Govinda.
Geeta Govinda was written by Jayadeva.

3. Tagore wrote Geethanjali.
Geethanjali was written by Tagore,

4. Amirkhan directed the film ‘Tare Zameen Par’.
The film ‘Tare Zameen Par’ was directed by Amir Khan.

5. Gulzar wrote the song Jai Ho
The song Jai Ho was written by Gulzar.

6. J.K. Rowling wrote Harry Potter series.
Harry Potter series was written by J.K. Rowling.

7. Galileo invented the telescope.
The telescope was invented by Galileo.

C. Writing

Task 1. An outline of a story is given below. Complete the story supplying the required words and phrases.

A cap seller on his way to market _________________ very hot _________________ the cool shade of a huge tree _________________ takes a nap beside his basket of caps. _________________ wakes up _________________ basket empty. _________________ thinks they are stolen. _________________ noises above _________________ monkeys with caps on _________________ desperate efforts to recover the caps _________________ at last snatches his own cap off his head and throws it down. _________________ monkeys do the same _________________ he picks up the caps _________________ happy.
Answer:
A cap seller on his way to market is tired. It is a very hot summer day. He sits r under the cool shade of a huge tree and takes a nap beside his basket of caps. When he wakes up he finds his basket empty. He thinks they are stolen He looks hither and tither. He hears some noises above the trees. He sees the monkeys with caps on their beads. He makes desperate efforts to recover the caps from the monkeys. At last, he snatches his own cap off his head and throws it down. Seeing this, all the monkeys do the same. They throw their caps down. He picks up the caps and goes away feeling happy.

Task 2. Expand any one of following proverbs into 5 or 6 sentences of your own.

1. A stitch in time saves nine.
2. Jack of all trades, master of none.
3. Prevention is better than cure.
4. Where there is a will, there is a way.
5. All that glitters is not gold.

Group activity under guidance Suggested Reading:

Additional Questions with Answers

I. Choose the best answer:

Question 1.
Burbank was brought up on a farm in the state of :
(a) California
(b) Massachusetts
(c) Philadelphia
(d) Sanfrancisco.
Answer:
(b) Massachusetts

Question 2.
Burbank was influenced by
(a) Newton
(b) Einstein
(c) Copemicus
(d) Darwin
Answer:
(d) Darwin

Question 3.
Burbank started market gardening at the age of:
(a) 29
(b) 26
(c) 21
(d) 31
Answer:
(c) 21

Question 4.
Superior quality of ‘Idaho potato’ is grown on the thousands of acres in.
(a) North Western part of US
(b) North Eastern part of US
(c) South Western part of US
(d) North Western Europe.
Answer:
(a) North Western part of US

Question 5.
Burbank left his native place at the age of 26 because:
(a) of study
(b) climate was not suitable for his work.
(c) he could not get market for his produce.
(d) he could not get encouragement.
Answer:
(b) climate was not suitable for his work.

Question 6.
Burbank carried on his experiments and original work on plants for more than half a century on :
(a) Santa Claus
(b) Santa Rosa
(c) Santa Flower
(d) Santa apple.
Answer:
(b) Santa Rosa

Question 7.
At the end of his successful attempt to produce a white black – berry, Burbank set fire to all the ________________ seedlings.
(a) rejected
(b) dead
(c) dried
(d) new.
Answer:
(a) rejected

Question 8.
Burbank was able to produce several thousand different varieties of fruits by:
(a) crossing
(b) grefting
(c) grafting
(d) supplying more water.
Answer:
(c) grafting

Question 9.
By grafting Burbank produced 526 different types of ________________ on the same tree :
(a) mangoes
(b) cherries
(c) blackberries
(d) apples.
Answer:
(d) apples.

Question 10.
By grafting a twig from young plant to a fruit bearing tree, burbank got fruits in just:
(a) one year
(b) two or three years
(c) four to six years
(d) 8 years.
Answer:
(b) two or three years

Question 11.
Burbank developed ________________ new flowers:
(a) 63
(b) 53
(c) 73
(d) 83
Answer:
(c) 73

Question 12.
The new flower that was developed by Burbank which bears his name is
(a) Jasmine
(b) Rose
(c) Lotus
(d) Marigold.
Answer:
(b) Rose

Question 13.
The efforts of Burbank that ended in failure was :
(a) grafting tomato
(b) grafting potato
(c) Crossing a tomato with potato
(d) grafting of apple.
Answer:
(c) Crossing a tomato with potato

Question 14.
Plum is a kind of
(a) fruit
(b) flower
(c) vegetable
(d) animal.
Answer:
(a) fruit

II. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Who was Burbank?
Answer:
Burbank was a great horticulture scientist. He developed varieties of fruits, flowers and vegetables.

Question 2.
Where was he brought up?
Answer:
He was brought up on a farm in the state of Massachusetts.

Question 3.
Name the potato that is grown more in North Western part of US.
Answer:
‘Idaho potato’ is grown more in the North Western part of US.

Question 4.
How many years did he carry on with his experiments?
Answer:
He carried on with his experiments for more the half a century.

Question 5.
Where did he carry out his experiments?
Answer:
He carried out his experiments on his farm ‘Santha Rosa’, near the city of San Francisco.

Question 6.
How did he grow several varieties of fruits? ,
Answer:
He had grown several variety of fruits by grafting.

Question 7.
How many types of new flowers had he developed? Name the important flowers.
Answer:
He developed 73 types of new flowers. Shasta Daisy and Burbank Rose are the important ones.

Question 8.
Why did his efforts of crossing a tomato with a potato fail?
Answer:
He crossed a tomato with a potato. Though a vegetable was produced, it had no commercial value. So his efforts failed.

III. Match the following with their meanings:

A	B
1. bring up	a. tough
2. rich	b. produce
3. hard	c. fertile
4. bear	d. to make grow
5. effort	e. poor
	f. attempt

Answer:

1. – d,
2. – c,
3. – a,
4. – b,
5. – f.

Luther Burbank Lesson Summary in English

This write -up describes how Luther Burbank achieved his ambition of growing and grafting varieties of fruits and vegetables.

Series of questions are posed to the reader in the first paragraph such as who turned a yellow flower into red? who made the seeds to plum disappear? who grew 500 different kind of cherries on one tree? – what does the world call a man who made this achievement? was he a master of gardens, a skilled plant grower or a miracle working magician? These questions create a curiosity among the reader.

The man responsible for controlling nature in these ways was the hard working scientist named Luther Burbank.

Though Luther Burbank is no more, the products of his genius continue to play in the day to day lives of people throughout the world. We can find his influence in the field of agriculture, horticulture, forestry and livestock. His most important contributions was the development of lovely flowers, tastiest fruits and vegetables.

Burban was bora on 7th March, 1849. He was brought up on a farm in the state of Massachusetts. He was attracted towards the wonders of nature and learned the techniques of growing various crops and plants during his early years. He was influenced by Darwin’s theory and devote his life to grow new varieties of plants.

He started market gardening at the age of 21. He planted 29 seeds forms an early rose potato plant. He produced a new variety of seed. This potato was called “Idaho potato”. It became popular among local framers and later through out the world.

At the age of 26, Burbank left his native place and moved to the state of California where the climate and soil was suitable for his experiment. He carried on his experimental work on plants for more than fifty years on “Santa Rosa” near the city of San Frabcisco. He described his new home as “The chosen spot”.

He made the experiments on three basic techniques. He had grown the variety of domestic and foreign plants under different conditions. They would prove strong, plentiful, and showed other desirable qualities.

He made the experiments on three basic techniques. He had grown the variety of domestic and foreign plants under different conditions. They would prove strong, plentiful, and showed other desirable qualities.

Secondly, He grew many varieties of fruits, flowers and vegetables by changing water, food supply, temperature etc. He grew dissimilar plants by crossing the plants.

In the final step he could recognize and select the plants which showed desirable changes and select them for further experiments.

Burbank had the great patience in his work. At the end of his successful attempt to produce a white blackberry he set fire to all the rejected seedlings. That pile was 12 feet high, 14 feet wide, 22 feet long and contained 65000 berry bushes. He retained less than two dozen bushes for further study. Throughout his efforts to force nature to obey his orders, he had grown several thousand different varieties of fruits by grafting many twigs on a single tree. He was able to grow 526 different types of apples on the same tree. By grafting a twig from a young to a fruit bearing tree, he was able to get fruits in just two to three years.

Burbank carried out more than 10,000 separate experiments with 600 different kinds of plants. He developed an improved cherry, a thorn less Blackberry, a cactus without thorns, peach tree that, could withstand freezing weather, 73 variety of new flower including the Shasta Daisy and the Burbank Rose.

Many of his efforts ended in failures. He crossed tomato with potato. Though a vegetable was produced, it had no commercial value. He was not disappointed. Burbank worked with the simple elements of nature to produce effects that were remarkable as in other fields.

Luther Burbank Lesson Summary in Kannada

Luther Burbank Lesson Word in English

• plums = An oval shaped fleshy fruit, usually purple or yellow when ripe
• desert cactus = thorny desert cactus
• blackberries = a black fleshy edible fruit
• breeder = producer of new and better kind of animals and plants
• miracle = extraordinary event attributed to a supernatural agency
• horticulture = art of growing fruits, flowers and vegetables
• livestock = farm animals
• devote = give over oneself to a particular purpose
• bring up = to make grow; to raise
• early rose potato = a variety of potato plant
• rich = fertile
• hesitate = show indecision or uncertainty
• pursuit = The act of continuing or processing a course of action
• plentiful = abundant, sufficient quantity or number
• hardy = tough
• variation = a thing that differs from one type
• variety = different plant of a species
• seedling = a young plants especially raised from a seed and not from a cutting
• pile = heap of things laid up one another
• efficiency = the quality of being capable:
• graft = take a piece of living material from one plant or animal and grow it on another plant or animal
• thorn = a stiff sharp pointed projection on a plant
• bear = produce, yield
• commercial = related to market
• cross = an intermixture of varieties of plants
• shiny = having a shine
• tunnel = a way underground
• automobile = related to vehicles
• remarkable = uncommon
• freezing weather = very cold weather at temperatures below 0°C
• delighted = felt happy
• Shasta daisy = a kind of flower
• twig = small shoot on or at the end of a branch of a tree
• Santa Rosa = a place near San Franciso.

 8th Standard English Notes