Indian Climate Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers
Question 1.
India has _________ type of climate.
Answer:
Tropical Monsoon
Question 2.
In India _________ is receives the highest rainfall.
Answer:
Mawsynram
Question 3.
In India _________ has recorded the lowest temperature.
Answer:
Dras
Question 4.
The coldest month of India is _________
Answer:
January
II. Discuss in groups and answer the following
Question 1.
Which factors influence the climate of India?
Answer:
The main factors which influence the climate of India are location, water bodies, relief features and monsoon winds.
Question 2.
Which are the important seasons of India?
Answer:
The climate of India according to the meteorological department of India can be divided into 4 seasons.
- Winter Season (December to February)
- The Summer Season (March to May)
- The Rainy Season (June to Mid September)
- The Retreating Monsoon Season (Mid September of November)
Question 3.
Explain the process of the south-west monsoons.
Answer:
The temperature rises by the end of summer season, a low pressure area is developed over central India. On the other hand there is high pressure over the Indian Ocean. Hence the moisture laden winds blow from the south-west towards India. They bring rainfall to different parts of the country. About 75% of the rainfall occurs during this season.
There are two branches of the South-West Monsoons: the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengjal branch. The Arabian Sea branch strikes the Western Ghats and causes heavy rainfall to the western side of the Western Ghats. The rainfall decreases towards the eastern slopes of the western Ghats, as it lies in the ‘rain – shadow area’.
The Bay of Bengal branch causes heavy rainfall, when it strikes against the hills of Meghalaya and Assam. The heaviest rainfall occurs at ‘Mawsynram’ in Meghalaya. The rainfall decreases towards the north-west.
Question 4.
Explain the weather condition in the summer season.
Answer:
During this season the Sun’s rays fall vertically over the Northern Hemisphere. Hence the temperature is high in India. It is hot, dry and sultry. The highest recorded temperature is 49.4°C at Ganganagar in Rajasthan. Convectional rain occurs locally in some part of the country. It is known as ‘Andhis’ in Uttar Pradesh, ‘Kalabaisakhis’ in the West Bengal. Mango showers’ in Kerala as it help the mango crop and coffee blossom in Karnataka as it is beneficial to the coffee crop. India receives only 10% of its annual rainfall during summer.
Question 5.
Mention the areas with low rainfall in India.
Answer:
Areas with low rainfall (less than 50cm): It includes Western Kutch, the Thar desert of Rajasthan and its adjoining areas like western Punjab, Haryana and Gujarat, north of Zaskar range and the rain shadow area of the Western Ghats. Ruyly in Jaisalmar of Rajasthan is receives least amount of rainfall (8.3 cm) and is the driest place in India.
Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Explain the weather conditions in winter season.
Answer:
During this season the rays of the Sun fall vertically over the Southern Hemisphere, India gets oblique rays of the Sun. Hence the temperature and humidity are low and the sky is clear. It is cool in the north and warm in the south. January is the coldest month. The hilly areas of Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh record the lowest temperature. The Dras near Kargil has recorded the lowest temperature (-4°C). Dew and fogs are common. There is heavy snow fall in the mountain areas. India gets only 2% of its annual rainfall during winter.
Question 2.
Which place in India has recorded the lowest temperature?
Answer:
Dras near Kargil has recorded the lowest temperature of -4°C
Question 3.
Which place in India has recorded the highest temperature?
Answer:
The highest temperature recorded in India is 49.4°C in Ganganagar, Rajasthan.
Question 4.
Which place receives the heaviest rainfall in India?
Answer:
Mawsynram in Meghalaya
Question 5.
Explain the process of retreating monsoon.
Answer:
In early October due to decrease of temperature low pressure area is gradually replaced by high pressure over the land mass. A low pressure area is developed over the Bay of Bengal. As a result the south west monsoon starts to retreat and it blows from North – East. Hence this season is also known as ‘North-East Monsoon Season’. It is a season of unsettled weather conditions. India receives only 13% of its annual rainfall during this season. The coast of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha get
rainfall during this season.
Tropical cyclones frequently occur in the Bay of Bengal during this season and cause some damage along east coast.
Question 6.
Which place in India has recorded the lowest rainfall?
Answer:
Ruyly in Jaisalmer in Rajasthan
Question 7.
Name some places which receive heavy rainfall.
Answer:
Jammu Hills, Himachal Pradesh, North Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal.
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
Question 1.
The climate of India can be described as
a. Mediterranean Climate
b. Tropical Monsoon Climate
c. Equatorial Climate
d. Tropical Climate
Answer:
b. Tropical Monsoon Climate
Question 2.
The retreating monsoon season lasts from
a. December to February
b. March to May
c. June to Mid September
d. Mid September to November
Answer:
d. Mid September to November
Question 3.
The coldest month in India is
a. December
b. September
c. January
d. August
Answer:
c. January
Question 4.
The convectional rain in Karnataka is known as
a. Andhis
b. Kalabaisakhis
c. Mango Showers
d. Coffee blossom
Answer:
d. Coffee blossom
Question 5.
During the retreating monsoon ___________ are fragment over the Bay of Bengal
a. Harricanes
b. Tarnadoes
c. Cyclones
d. Tsunamis
Answer:
c. Cyclones
Question 6.
The convectional rain in Karnataka is known as
a. Andhis
b. Kalabaishakhis
c. Mango Showers
d. Coffee Blossom
Answer:
d. Coffee
Question 7.
During the retreating monsoon ______________ are frequent over the Bay of Bengal.
a. Hurricanes
b. Tornadoes
c. Cyclones
d. Tsunamis
Answer:
c. Cyclones