Indian Natural Disasters Questions and Answers KSEEB Class 10 Social Science

Indian Natural Disasters Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks appropriate Answers

Question 1.
The most destructive atmospheric disaster is ______________
Answer:
Cyclone

Question 2.
In India the eastern coast is more prone to ______________
Answer:
Cyclone

Question 3.
In peninsular India ______________ occur occasionally.
Answer:
Earthquakes

Question 4.
In India ______________ occur very often in huilly states.
Answer:
Land slides

Question 5.
Coastal erosion is mostly caused by ______________ action.
Answer:
wave.

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following :

Question 1.
What Natural Disasters ? Give example?
Answer:
Natural disasters can be geological hazards such as earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, landslides and avalanches. The weather associated natural disasters are cyclones, drought, floods and epidemics.

Question 2.
What are Floods? Mention the natural causes of floods?
Answer:
Flood refer to the inundation of land by river water. It is recurring disasters in India. One part of the country or the other has to face floods almost every year.

Causes: Floods are caused by both natural and man made factors. The natural factors include heavy rainfall, melting of snow, tropical cyclones, cloud burst, blockage of the free flow of river water and silting river beds etc.

Question 3.
What is a cyclone ? Mention their major effects.
Answer:
Cyclones are a system of winds rotating spirally towards to an area of low barometric pressure or depression. It is a tropical storm. The major effects are tropical cyclones are very destructive to causes loss of life and property, damage to buildings, transports and communication system, disrupt power supply, destroy crops, vegetation, animals etc.,

Question 4.
Explain the causes and effects of landslides.
Answer:
Causes: Both natural and human induced forces cause landslides.
Natural forces: Under cutting of the slope as in sea wave erosion of a sea cliff, earthquakes and heavy rainfall.

Human forces: Deforestation, construction of roads, railway lines, dams and reservoirs, hydel power projects, mining, quarrying etc.,

Effects: Landsides are destructive natural disasters. Major effects are blocking of roads, railway lines, burying of human settlements and vegetation, loss of life and property etc., Roads blocking is a very common problem.

Question 5.
Write about causes and distribution of coastal erosion in India
Answer:
Human interference also helps in coastal erosion. Removal of sand and construction breakwater are the main causes.

Effects: coastal erosion is one of the natural disasters.

• Coastal areas including trees and building can be washed away.
• The roads, railway lines, bridges etc., along with the coast can be damaged
• Coastal areas can remain flooded over a long period of time requiring resettlement of people.

Question 6.
Mention the precautionary measures to be taken to reduce the effects of earthquakes
Answer:
Precautionary measurers

• Avoid the human settlements in the earthquake prone zones.
• Follow earthquake resistant designs for the construction of buildings.
• Use building materials of high quality and avoid high rise buildings.
• Restrict the over ground water mining.
• Restrict urban growth in the hilly areas with high seismic vulnerability.
• Avoid the construction of large dams and reservoirs.
• Stop deforestration and heavy quarrying activities.
  Besides post disaster measures after earthquakes are also essential i.e., relief, recovery, rehabilitations.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Which are the man made causes of floods?
Answer:
The man made causes of floods are deforestation, faulty irrigation and agricultural practices, breaking of barrages and rapid urbanization.

Question 2.
List out the measures to control floods.
Answer:

• Afforerstation in the catchment area which helps in the reduction of run off.
• Construction of dams across the rivers and storing of water in reservoirs. It reduce the volume of water and helps to provide water for irrigation etc.,
• Construction of embankments for protection against inundation of the inhabited areas and agricultural land.
• Flood forecasting and early warnings. This is essential for taking timely action to prevent loss of human life, livestocks and property.

Question 3.
What are the measures to control floods.
Answer:
Slope reduction, prevention of rock falls along highways and other slope, avoiding of mining and quarrying activities near the steep slopes and human settlement and buildings. There should be massive reforestation etc., steps to reduce the occurrence of landslides.

Question 4.
Which are the preventive measures to control coastal erosion?
Answer:

• Constructing sea walls, groins and break waters to protect the coastal areas from wave erosion.
• Restrict sand mining in coastal areas.
• Planting of trees to stabilise the beaches and coastal dunes.

Question 5.
Mention the causes of earthquakes.
Answer:
Earthquake occur due to several causes such as plate movements, volcanic eruption, faulting and folding, landslides, collapse of underground cave roofs, hydrostatic pressure of man made water bodies like reservoirs etc., In India most of the earthquakes that have occurred earlier were due to plat movement.

Question 6.
Name the three major earthquake zones in India.
Answer:

1. The Himalayan zone
2. The Indo-Gangetic Zone
3. The peninsular Zone

10th Class Social Science Question Answer