Indian Physiography Questions and Answers KSEEB Class 10 Social Science

Indian Physiography Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
The Greater Himalayas are also known as _____________
Answer:
Himadri

Question 2.
The lesser Himalaya are also known as _____________
Answer:
Himachal

Question 3.
In south India _____________ is the highest peak.
Answer:
Anaimudi

Question 4.
The Eastern Ghats meet the Western Ghats in the _____________ hills.
Answer:
Niligiri

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following

Question 1.
Which are the main physiographic divisions of India?
Answer:
The main physiography divisions of India are;

• The northern mountains
• The northern great plains
• The peninsular plateau
• The central plains & islands

Question 2.
State how the Northern Great Plains were formed?
Answer:
The Northern Plains were formed by the depositional work of 3 river systems, the Sutlej, the Ganga & the Brahmaputra.

Question 3.
Write briefly about the Siwalik hills.
Answer:
The Siwalik Hills: They are the outer most ranges or foot hills located to the south of the main Himalayas. Therefore they are also known as ‘Outer. Himalaya. They are the lowest range of the Himalayas, with a height of 600 to 1500mts and width varying , from 15-150 km. They extend form Jammu and Kashmir in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east. They have flat-bottom, structured valleys, which are known as ‘Doons’. eg, Dehradoon.

Question 4.
Distinguish between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats.
Answer:
a. Eastern Ghats

• Run parallel to the East Coast of India
• Extend from Mahanadi Valley in the North towards the Nilgiri Hills in the South and meet the Western Ghats
• Lower in height than the western ghats.
• The eastern ghats hill range is not continuous

b. Western Ghats

• Run parallel to the West Coast of India
• Extend from Tapi Valley to the Kanyakumari in the South.
• Higher than the eastern ghats
• The western ghats are a continuous hill range.

Question 5.
State the importance of the Northern mountains.
Answer:
The Himalayas act as natural frontiers and prevent foreign invasion. They prevent the cold winds from central Asia. They obstruct the rain bearing winds and this causes heavy rainfall. Their slopes have thick forests and are ideal for plantation crops, eg. Tea in Assam. They are a store house of minerals and the birthplace of many rivers and water falls which are used to generate hydro-electric power.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write a brief note on “The Northern Mountains”
Answer:
1. The Northern Mountains
They comprise of the Himalayas which are a group of yound fold mountains. They extend as a countinous chain along the northern boundary of India. They are the highest mountains ranges in the world. They have highest peaks, deep valleys and gorges, glaciers, passes etc. In India they extend from the Indus gorge in the west to the Brahmaputra gorge in the east for 2400 kms. The width varies from 240 to 320 kms. They broader in the west and narrower in the east. They covered an area of about. 5 lakh km². Generally they have steep slopes towards India (South) and gentle slopes towards Tibet (North).

The Himalayas consists of three parallel ranges:

1. Greater Himalayas
2. Lesser Himalayas and
3. Siwalik hills.

Question 2.
Why are the Greater Himalayas called “Himadri”?
Answer:
The greater Himalayas are called “Himadri” because they are covered with snow throughout the year.

Question 3.
Name the important passes in the greater Himalayas.
Answer:
Burzil, Lozi-La & Shipkila.

Question 4.
Which is the highest peak in India?
Answer:
The highest peak in India is K2 or Mt Godwin Austin, in the Karakoram range of Greater Himalayas.

Question 5.
Name some hill stations of Greater Himalayas.
Answer:
Shimla, Raniket, Mussorie, Nainital & Darjeeling

Question 6.
What are the outer range or foot hills of Himalayas called?
Answer:
The Siwalik Hills

Question 7.
What are “Doons”. Name a famous “Doon”
Answer:
Doons are flat bottomed structured valleys of the Siwalik Hills. Dehradoon is a famous “Doon”.

Question 8.
Which is the largest alluvial soil tract in the world?
Answer:
The Northern Great Plains of India

Question 9.
The Great Northern Plains are a boon to India? Explain
Answer:
The Northern Great plain is very suitable for irrigation and agriculture as it has perennial rivers and vast fertile alluvial soil. Its level land supports a network of roads, railways and means of communication. They are useful for industrializaiton, urbanization and trade. A number of pilgrim centres are located here.

Question 10.
Write a short note on “Peninsular Plateau”
Answer:
This is the largest physical divisions of India. It is the oldest landmass. It was being a part of the Gondwanaland. It lies to the south of the Great Plains and occupies about 16 lakh km². It is roughly traingular in shape and its apex is formed by Cape Kanyakumari in the southern extremity, it is bounded by many hills and plateaus namely the Aravalli, Vindhyas, Satpuras, Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, Chotanagapur ranges, Deccan plateau, Malawa plateau etc.

Question 11.
Write a brief note on “Western Ghats”.
Answer:
The Western Ghats are a continuous range running parallel to the west coast of India from the Tapi valley to Kanyakumari. They are also known as the Sahyadri’s. They are very steep on the western side and gentle on the eastern side. Borghat, Talghat and Palghat are important passes across the Western Ghats. South of the Palghat gap the Western Ghats continue as the Anaimalai, the Palani and the Cardamom (Elaimalai) hills. ‘Anamudi ’ (2695 m) in the Anaimalai hills, is the highest peak in South India.

Question 12.
Write about the importance of “Peninsular Plateau”
Answer:
Peninsular plateau is rich in minerals, thick forests and biodiversity. It has influence on south¬west monsoons, and it is covered with black soil which is useful for agriculture. The western ghats are the birth place of many south Indian rivers, which are useful for the generation of hydroelectricity. It is also well known for hill stations such as Ooty.

Question 13.
What are the divisions of the Western Coast of India?
Answer:
(a) The Konkan Coast which lies to the south of the Gujarat plain, extends from Daman to Goa.
(b) The Karnataka coast which extends from Goa to Mangaluru and
(c) The Malabar coast, which extends from Mangaluru to Kanyakumari.

Question 14.
How are the coastal plains useful to India?
Answer:
The Coastal plains of India provide some natural harbors which help in carrying on foreign trade. They are Kandla, Mumbai, Marmagoa, Kochi, Vishakhapatnam, Kolkata etc. The coastal plain are useful for fishing, shipbuilding, agriculture and production of salt. Many beaches are found along the coast and they attract tourists. The backwaters are useful for navigation.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The Lakshadweep Islands are formed by:
a. Sand
b. Rocks
c. Corals
d. Alluvial Soil
Answer:
c. Corals

Question 2.
India has _____________ islands.
a. 204
b. 43
c. 402
d. 247
Answer:
d. 247

Question 3.
The largest lake formed by lagoons in India is
a. Chilka
b. Pulicat
c. Kolleru
d. Manasarovar
Answer:
a. Chilka

Question 4.
The highest peak in South India is
a. Armakonda
b. Anaimudi
c. Mt.Godwin Austin
d. Guru Shikar
Answer:
b. Anaimudi

Question 5.
The apex of the triangular peninsular plateau is
a. Tapi Valley
b. Mahanadi Valley
c. Cape Kanyakumari
c. Mt.Godwin Austin
d. Niligiri
Answer:
c. Cape Kanyakumari

Question 6.
The highest peak in India is
a. Mt. Everest
b. Kanchenjunga
c. Mt.Godwin Austin
d. Nandadevi
Answer:
c. Mt.Godwin Austin

Question 7.
The western ghats are otherwise known as
a. Himadri
b. Sahyadri
c. Himachal
d. Anaimalai
Answer:
b. Sahyadri

10th Class Social Science Question Answer