Indian Soils Questions and Answers KSEEB Class 10 Social Science

Indian Soils Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
The soils that are formed from the sediments deposited is called ________________ soils.
Answer:
Alluvial

Question 2.
The Black soils are also known as ________________ and ________________ soils.
Answer:
Regur & Black Cotton Soils

Question 3.
Under® the conditions of high temperature and rainfall ________________ soils are formed in tropical areas.
Answer:
Laterite

Question 4.
Mountain soils are suitable for ________________ crops.
Answer:
Plantation

II. Answer the following after discussing them in groups.

Question 1.
Which are the major types of soils in India?
Answer:
The soils of India are classified into six types

1. Alluvial Soil
2. Black Soil
3. Red Soil
4. Laterite Soil
5. Desert Soil and
6. Mountain Soil

Question 2.
Explain the distribution of Black soil in India.
Answer:
Black soils are largely found in the Deccan basalt trap region including Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, parts of Telangana, northern part of Karnataka, parts of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. They occupy about 5.46 lakh km² in India.

Question 3.
What are the characteristics of Red soils?
Answer:
Red soils are formed from the weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks. The colour of these soils is generally red or redish brown. They are more sandy and less clayey. So they do not retain moisture.

Question 4.
What is soil erosion and soil conservation?
Answer:
Soil erosion refers to the removal of top soil by natural agents. The rivers, glaciers, winds, sea waves etc. remove the top layer of fertile soil and deplete the fertility of the soil. Soil erosion is one of the important problems in India.

Conservation of soil: Protection of soil from, erosion and preservation of fertility of the soil is called ‘soil conservation’. Several measures are adopted for conserving soil They are:

• Afforestation and reforestation
• Controlled over grazing
• Contour farming.
• Construction of check dams.
• Contour bunding
• Gully control and bench terracing.

Question 5.
Mention the main causes of soil erosion.
Answer:
The main causes of soil erosion are:
(a) deforestation
(b) overgrazing,
(c) shifting cultivation
(d) faulty methods of cultivation
(e) use of top soil for making bricks, tiles etc.

Question 6.
What are the major effects of soil erosion?
Answer:
The important effects of soil erosion are:

• Loss of soil fertility and fall in agricultural productivity
• It leads to silting and floods, change of the course of rivers, and reduction of capacity of the reservoirs.
• Ground water level is lowered and there is decrease in soil moisture
• Vegetation covers dries up and drought increase.
• Economy as a whole suffers a great set back.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is soil?
Answer:
Soil is the thin surface layer of the earth comprising of closely interlaced minerals and organic substances.

Question 2.
Explain the formation & composition of Alluvial Soil
Answer:
The soil that are composed of alluvium are called alluvial soil. They are formed from the sediments deposited by the rivers as in the Indo- Gangetic plain and by the sea waves in coastal plain.

Question 3.
Name the crops that can be cultivated on Alluvial Soil.
Answer:
Wheat, paddy, sugarcane, cotton, Jute, Potato & vegetables are grown on Alluvial soil.

Question 4.
Explain the formation of Black Soils
Answer:
This soil is also known as ‘regur’ and black cotton soil as they are best suited for cotton cultivation. They are derived from the basalt rock. So they are dark grey to black in colour, with high clay content. They are highly retentive of moisture and extremely compact.

Question 5.
Write about distribution of Red Soils in India?
Answer:
They cover a vast area of about 5.2 lakh km². These soils are spread extensively in Tamil Nadu. They are also found in Southern Karnataka, parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Kerala, Goa, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Nagaland, West Bengal etc.

Question 6.
Why is desert soil not suitable for cultivation or crops?
Answer:
Desert soils have high content of soluble salts. They are sandy and low in moisture and humus. Hence they are not suitable for the cultivation of crops.

Question 7.
Which soils are suitable for plantation crops? Why?
Answer:
Mountain soils are suitable for plantation crops. The mountain soils are mostly formed due to the decomposition of organic matter and therefore they are rich in humus and fertile.

Question 8.
Laterite soils are of limited use for agriculture? Give reasons.
Answer:
Laterite soils are formed in tropical areas under the conditions of high temperature and rainfall. Due to heavy rainfall the fertility of the soil gets bleached. Hence they are of limited use for agriculture.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The sediments deposited by the ________________ rivers form
a. Red Soil
b. Alluvial Soil
c. Laterite Soil
d. Mountain Soil
Answer:
b. Alluvial Soil

Question 2.
The fine and newer alluvium is called
a. Laterite
b. Khadar
c. Bhangar
d. Regur
Answer:
b. Khadar

Question 3.
The coarse gravel and older alluvium is called
a. Bhangar
b. Khadar
c. Regur
d. Gneiss
Answer:
a. Bhangar

Question 4.
Red soils are formed from
a. Under the conditions of high temperature and rainfall.
b. Decomposition of organic matter
c. Weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks.
d. Sediments deposited by rivers
Answer:
c. Weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks.

Question 5.
Desert soils have
a. High content of soluble salts
b. Rich in Humus
c. No Fertility
d. High retention of moisture
Answer:
a. High content of soluble salts

Question 6.
Soil erosion can be controlled by
a. Deforestation
b. Use of top soil for making bricks
c. Afforestation
d. Shifting Cultivation
Answer:
c. Afforestation

Question 7.
Soil erosion affects
a. Afforestation
b. Contour Farming
c. Reforestation
d. Agriculture
Answer:
d. Agriculture

10th Class Social Science Question Answer