Indian Water Resources Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers
Question 1.
River Indus rises near _____________ .
Answer:
Mt. Kailash Tibet
Question 2.
The longest river in South India is _____________
Answer:
Godavari
Question 3.
Hirakud project is build across _____________ river
Answer:
Mahanadi
Question 4.
The longest tributary of the Ganga is _____________
Answer:
Yamuna
Question 5.
The Kosi project is a joint venture of _____________ and _____________
Answer:
India & Nepal
II. Discuss in groups and answer the following questions.
Question 1.
Explain the Brahmaputra river System?
Answer:
The Brahmaputra rises near Lake Manasasarovar (Tibet) and flows towards the east. It enters India through a narrow gorge in Arunachal Pradesh. Then it flows to the west and turns to the south in Bangladesh. Where it joins the Ganga. Its length is 2589 kms.
Question 2.
What is irrigation? Mention its main types in India?
Answer:
The artificial supply of water for the purpose of agriculture is called irrigation.
The main types of irrigation in India are :
- Well Irrigation
- Canal Irrigation
- Tank Irrigation
Question 3.
Why is irrigation important in India?
Answer:
India is an agricultural country. Therefore it needs a regular and sufficient supply of water. Agriculture in India depends mainly on monsoon rainfall. It is seasonal, uncertain and unevenly distributed. There are certain crops with require a larger and regular water supply, such as Rice, Sugarcane etc., Besides to increase the yield and production of crops requires regular supply of water. This can be provided only by irrigation which is very essential in India.
Question 4.
What is Multi Purpose River Valley Project?
Answer:
The river valley projects which provide multiple benefits are called ‘Multipurpose river valley projects.
Question 5.
Write a note on Almatti River Valley Project.
Answer:
It is the biggest multipurpose river valley project in North Karnataka across river Krishna. It comprises of two dams namely Alamatti and Narayanpura and a hydel power house. The main aims of the project are to provide irrigation, drinking water and to generate hydro-electricity.
The Almatti dam is constructed near Almatti village in Basavana Bagewadi taluk and the Narayanapura dam is located near Siddapur village in Muddebihal taluk of Vijayapura district. Bagalkot, Vijayapura, Kalburgi, Yadgir and parts of Belagavi districts benefit from this project.
Question 6.
Explain the importance and distribution of well irrigation.
Answer:
It is the most important type of irrigation in India. Nearly 60.7% of the Total irrigated area is from well irrigation. Well irrigation is possible even in areas of low rainfall, it is cheap and easy to dig wells and they do not require superior technology. It is easy even for small farmers to dig wells.
Well irrigation is largely practiced in the Ganga plains including Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. In South India well irrigation is widely practiced in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Odisha.
III. Match the following projects in ‘A’ with states ‘B’
| A | B |
| 1. Nagarjuna Sagar | a. Karnataka |
| 2. Bhakra-Nangal | b. Himachal Pradesh |
| 3. Hirakud | c. Telangana |
| 4. Tungabhadra | d. Odisha |
Answer:
1 – c,
2 – b,
3 – d,
4 – a
Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What are surface water resources?
Answer:
Rainfall, rivers, lakes, tanks and springs are surface water resources.
Question 2.
How are the river systems in India classified.
Answer:
- The Rivers of North India or Himalayan rivers.
- The Rivers of South India or Peninsular river.
Question 3.
Explain the Ganga river system.
Answer:
The Ganga river is the largest river of India. Its total length is 2525km. It rises in the Gangotri glacier. It flows towards the south and south-east, then enters Bangladesh where it joins the Brahmaputra. After it joins the Brahmaputra it continues as Padma and finally flows into the Bay of Bengal. Its major tributaries are Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Ramaganga, Gomati, Sarada, Son and Kosi. Of these Yamuna is the longest tributary.
Question 4.
Which are the east flowing rivers of Peninsular India.
Answer:
Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and kaveri
Question 5.
Which are the West flowing rivers of Peninsular India?
Answer:
Narmada and Tapi
Question 6.
Explain the importance of Canal Irrigation in India.
Answer:
It occupies the second place after well irrigation and accounts for about 27% of the total irrigated area. India has one of the world’s largest canal systems. The Government is responsible for the construction and maintenance of canals.
There are two types of canals – inundation canals and perennial canals. In foundation canals, water is drawn directly from the river without building dam. In perennial canals, dams are constructed across the rivers and water is stored in the reservoirs and used for agriculture through canals.
Canal irrigation is extensive in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Bihar Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, West Bengal and Karnataka states.
Question 7.
Mention the main aims of Multipurpose projects?
Answer:
The main aims of these project are :
- to provide water for irrigation.
- to control the floods,
- to generate hydro-electricity.
- to prevent soil erosion.
- to develop inland waterways and fishing.
- to provide recreation facilities.
- to provide water for domestic purposes and industries.
- to reclaim land for agriculture,
- afforestation etc.