Rural Development Questions and Answers KSEEB Class 10 Social Science

Rural Development Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
The true development of India is the development of its village’. This was told by ____________
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhiji

Question 2.
After the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution ____________ level of panchayat institutions have come into existence.
Answer:
three

Question 3.
Panchayat institutions operate under ____________ principles.
Answer:
Grama Swarajya

Question 4.
The ____________ have been brought into existence in order to bring together poor rural women and make them financially independent.
Answer:
Women self help groups.

II. Answer in a sentence each:

Question 1.
Explain the meaning of ‘Rural Development’.
Answer:
Rural development refers to a process of economic and social upliftment of rural areas. It may be defined as overall development of rural areas to improve the quality of life of rural people. It is an integrated process, which includes social, economic, political and spiritual development of the poorer sections of the rural society.

Question 2.
What is meant by decentralisation?
Answer:
Providing administrative power the responsibility of developing the village to people themselves is called decentralisation.

Question 3.
Name the three levels of panchayat raj institutions.
Answer:
The three levels of Panchayat Raj System are

1. Gram Panchayat
2. Taluk Panchayat
3. Zilla Panchayat

Question 4.
Mention any two housing programmes.
Answer:

1. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
2. Ambedkar-Valmiki Housing programme
3. Ashraya Yogana

III. Answer the following questions in five to six sentences each

Question 1.
How is the economic situation in the rural areas of India?
Answer:
Even after 70 years of independence, the rural areas are scenes of deprivation and backwardness as nearly one-third and rural population lives in abject poverty. The development programmes and plans have failed to improve the socio-economic conditions of rural areas.

There is a wide spread feeling that the development strategies that the Indian government adopted after independence promoted industrial and urban development. The rural industries which were already declining in importance, further disintegrated due to the competition from modern industries.

With agriculture being non-remunerative and employment not being, regular, the rural people continued to migrate to cities. The liberalization and globalizatin policies deepened these problems by promoting growth in industrialization, urbanization and service sectors.

Consequently, poverty has increased among the rural people who depend mainly on agriculture. Though 60% of the people work in the primary sector, the contribution from this sector to the national income is very less, and is declining over the yeas. Due to this, the gap between urban and rural areas is widening.

Question 2.
Explain briefly the significance of rural development.
Answer:
Since rural development includes agricultural and non-agricultural development it contributes not only to rural but also to the overall development of the country. Increased farm incomes will create greater demand for industrial products and services, thereby generating additional employment and leading to an expansion of those sectors alsb. With increased literacy and skill levels higher productivity could be achieved.

Better health also resulted in higher work participation by the people and increased output. Agro-processing, small scale and cottage industries will develop leading to gradual transformation of the villages. With this, migration to facilities will be reduced. All these contribute toward reduction of poverty.

Question 3.
Explain Gandhiji’s concept of ‘grama Swarajya’ in the light of decentralization.
Answer:
Providing administrative power and the responsibility of developing the village to people themselves is called decentralization. It is a process through which power sharing occurs and people participate in decision making. It is also a process that aims at planning and development from below. This process was called as ‘Grama Swarajya’ by Mahatma Gandhi. Decentralization reduces various kinds of exploitation, upholds human independence and dignity, and nutures human values like compassion and co-operation.

The Panchayat Raj system has beefi rejuvenated in India in order to promote decentralization. The Government of India enacted the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1993, which established a uniform system of Panchayat Raj institutions throughout the country. The Act conferred Constitutional status to the Panchayat institutions.

Question 4.
What is the role of panchayat raj institutions in rural development?
Answer:
Panchayat raj institutions (PRIs) play key role in enabling the rural people to participate in rural development. They are responsible for implementing various schemes related to poverty alleviation and livelihood security, besides providing public amenities. They provide the rural community with basic facilities of roads, drains, drinking water, street light, toilets, school and hospital buildings, market-yards etc.

Through encouragement of primary and middle school educationn, adult education, technical and vocational training, and expansion of health and hygiene facilities, Panchayats have also attempted to develop human resources.

The gram sabha is an important body of a Gram Panchayat. It is compulsory to condutct gram sabha meeting at least once in six months. All the adults who are in the voters list of the village are the members of the gram sabha. All developmental schemes are decided in the gram sabha itself.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Make a list of activities that are essential for rural development.
Answer:
The activities essential for Rural Development are:
1. Development of human resources including: ’

• Literacy, especially, female literacy, education and skill development;
• Health, addressing both sanitation and public health;

2. Land reforms

3. Development of the productive resources of each locality;

4. Infrastructure development like electricity, irrigation, credit, marketing, transport facilities including construction of village roads and feeder roads, facilities for agriculture research and extension, and information dissemination; and

5. Specific programmes of alleviation of poverty

Question 2.
What are the predominant fuctions of Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRI’s)
Answer:
The predominant functions of Panchayat Raj Institutions are :

• To engage in local planning
• To prepare village development schemes during its open meetings. Eg: School facilities, drinking water supply, primary health care, veterinary dispensary like roads etc.
• To implement Rural development programmes.
• Such as Rural employment programmes: MGNREGS, Poverty Alleviation Programme, Housing programmes, Ashraya Yojana etc.
• To strengthen public distribution system.
• To identify aged people, disabled widows, mentally retired people and to implement social welfare programme.
• To form Women Self-help groups’ for empowerment of women.
• To conduct social and cultural activities.
• To nurture rural productive activities of Agriculture cattle rearing, poultry, Fishery, Social forestry.
• Improvement of irrigation system by construction of ponds, tanks etc.
• Maintenance of minor irrigation works, desalting of banks
• To improve Rural and Cottage Industries.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The percentage of rural population in 2001 was
(a) 84.86%
(b) 86.48%
(c) 68.84%
(d) 48.68%
Answer:
(c) 68.84%

Question 2.
Economic and Social upliftment of village.
(a) Rural development
(b) National development
(c) Economic development
(d) Cultural development
Answer:
(a) Rural development

Question 3.
The prime reason for Rural backwardness is
(a) Illiteracy
(b) Poverty
(c) Slow growth rate of agriculture
(d) Competition from industries
Answer:
(c) Slow growth rate of agriculture

10th Class Social Science Question Answer