Social Problems Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science
I. Fill in the blanks appropriate answers
Question 1.
The child labour is prohibited as per _____________ article of the constitution.
Answer:
24th
Question 2.
Child marriage prevention act was implemented in the year _____________
Answer:
2006
Question 3.
A national policy was implemented in the year _____________ for the welfare of child labour
Answer:
2016
Question 4.
The law prohibiting female feticide was implemented in the year _____________
Answer:
1994
Question 5.
The law protecting children from sexual crimes was implemented in the year _____________
Answer:
2012
II. Answer the following in a sentence.
Question 1.
Name any two social problems of India
Answer:
Child Labour and Female Feticide.
Question 2.
Who are the child Labourers?
Answer:
Any children who are below the years and out of school are considered as child labour. Whether they work for money is not, either are within their house or outside their house, all of them are called as child labour.
Question 3.
What is female feticide ?
Answer:
Female Foeticide’ is an attempt to stop the natural growth of a female foetus in the womb of a mother or aborting the foetus forcibly.
Question 4.
What is child marriage ?
Answer:
According to the law, the marriage that takes place between a boy of below 21 years and a girl who is below 18 years below legal age, it is called as Child Marriage. If a girl who is below 18 years age is married to boy of more than 21 year age is also considered as Child Marriage.
Question 5.
What is gender discrimination?
Answer:
Any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, of human right and fundamental freedoms in political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field’ can be described as gender discrimination.
Question 6.
What is child trafficking.
Answer:
If any human being below 18 years is employed, transferred, Shifted, sheltered, sent and owned with the intention of exploitation is called as Child Trafficking.
III. Discuss in groups and then answer the following
Question 1.
What are the reasons for child labour? Explan.
Answer:
The reasons for Child labour
1. Lack of social environment that honours and protect Child rights is the main reason for child labour, child marriage, human trafficking of children. The greedy owners who strive for less wages and more work is the reason for child labour. Due to agricultural crisis resulting out of drought and other reasons leads to the migration of families to urban centres and children end up working in hotels, fire crackers manufacturing units and other dangerous sectors which fall under unorganized sector.
2. Failure to implement compulsory and universal education has resulted in non availability of education to all children. This has further increased the participation of children in labour. Failure to implement land reforms act and minimum wages Act properly has resulted in poor financial conditions of the families.
Question 2.
What are the effects of child marriage?
Answer:
The holistic development of children is stunted by child marriage and they lose the power of questioning. As a result, violations like sexual assaults on children become more and more increased. Many rights of children like education, childhood, entertainment, interaction.with friends continue to be violated. Children fall into the trap of malnutrition, anemia, diseases, abortions, infanticide and maternal mortality increases. The chance of girl becoming a widow at a young age is also more and becomes a victim of violence easily.
Question 3.
What are the measure to eradicate child labour? Explain
Answer:
Solutions for child marriage :
1. Implementing the education Development programmes without lapsese can prevent school dropouts before 18 years of age. This means all the children within 18 years of age should be within the schooling system and should have 100% attendance. Similarly, birth registration is compulsory and 100% birth registration target is needed.
Question 4.
What are the III effects of female feticide ?
Answer:
III effects of female feticide.
Abnormal Child Sex ratio: The census of 2001 shows 949 female children for every 1000 male child.
Female Trafficking: due to the abnormal decrease in male-female sex ration, the number of males eligible for marriage increases sharply, when lead to female trafficking and child marriages.
Increase in Sexual Violence: Sexual violence will increase shortage of brides and will result in the expansion of sex industry and its related diseases like HIV/AIDS. There will be an increase in anti-social behaviour, crimes against women like rape, molestation, eye-teasing, child marriage and forced polyandry, unwanted pregnencies, abortions, murders and drug addiction.
Question 5.
What are the types of Gender Discrimination.
Answer:
According to Amartya Sen, the noted economist, gender based inequalities are as follows
- Inequality in birth rate
- Inequality in infrastructure
- Inequality in opportunities
- Inequality in ownership
- Inequality in family
Question 6.
What are the ill effects of hunger?
Answer:
Hunger is the absence of required nutrition for the human body, which would result in various health complications. That can result in physical handicaps and pre-mature death. Hunger or lack of good nutrition will lead the increase infant mortality rate, child mobility rate, fertility rate and decrease in development rates.
Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What is the Sex-ratio in India?
Answer:
940 females to every 1000 males.
Question 2.
What are the demerits of child labour?
Answer:
Demerits of Child Labour:
1. Child labour affects the physical and psychological growth of children negatively. Children who have worked as child labour suffer from various ill health as adults.
2. As children engaged in labour at tender age, they become illiterates. As a result they miss their basic rights.
3. Child labour restricts the social and economic mobility of the families Children become target of exploitation repeatedly in such families. This crisis leads to child marriage and human trafficking among children. As a result, the risk of sexual exploitations becomes more for children especially for girls. Many of the children get infected with various diseases and many become physically deformed.
Question 3.
In which year was the Child Adolescent Labour Prohibition and Regulation Act of 1986 was amended.
Answer:
It was amended in July 2016
Question 4.
When was the ’Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act’ brought into effect.
Answer:
on June 19, 2012.
Question 5.
What are the measures taken by the Government of India to stop female feticide?
Answer:
The Government of India has enacted Pre-Conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques Act’ (PCPNDT- 1994) to prevent female feticide.
Question 6.
What is hunger?
Answer:
Hunger is a state where the necessary calorie of food is not available for the individuals.
Question 7.
How is Hunger Index calculated?
Answer:
The Hunger Index is calculated by taking the aspects of infant mobility rate, child mobility rate, fertility rate and economic development rate and dividing it by three.
Question 8.
Where does India stand in the Global Hungers Index?
Answer:
India ranks 20 in the Global Hunger Index.
Question 9.
What steps have been taken by the Government to prevents Child Marriages?
Answer:
How to prevent Child Marriage: The Government of Karnataka has designated 47 officers of different levels as the Child Marriage Prevention Officers. Hence, wherever a child marriage takes place, you can complain against it with any of these officers. You tan lodge a complaint with toll free number 1098. You need not disclose your name also. You can also inform the Head Master of neighbouring government school, Village Accountant, Panchayat Development Officer, Health Inspector and the nearby Police Station also.
All these are considered as Child Marriage Prevention Officers. It is their duty to see that no child marriages takes place here. If a child marriage has taken place, they are the officers who are empowered to lodge complaint at the concerned police station. Apart from this, all the district and taluk level officials are the Child Marriage Prevention Officers. They can lodge complaint anywhere at any time.
Question 10.
What are the reasons for child Trafficking?
Answer:
Child labour, Child marriage, school dropout, poverty, negligence in the families, bonded labour are some of the main reasons. Apart from these, frequent migrations and shifting of residences, over exposure to internet and social media, social inequalities, gender discrimination, lack of skills, financial difficulties in the families, and many other issues are the reasons for this problem.
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Under the Child Labour (prohibition and regulation) Act 1987, a child is one who has not completed
(a) 16 years
(b) 11 years
(c) 15 years
(d) 14 years
Answer:
(d) 14 years
Question 2.
According to Industrial Act of 1946, which of the following is a dangerous sector in which adolescent children should not be employed.
(a) Iron and steel
(b) Garages
(c) medical shops
(d) hotels
Answer:
(a) Iron and steel
Question 3.
Severe punishments are imposed on the violation, if they are proved to have touched a child inappropriately. Which is the Act?
(a) Adolescent Labour Prohibition Act 2016
(b) Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act 2012
(c) PCPND T – 1994
(d) Child Marriage Prevention Act 2006
Answer:
(b) Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act 2012
Question 4.
The food needs of human being on day to day basic is calculated in term of
(a) Kilograms
(b) Liters
(c) degrees
(d) calories
Answer:
(d)calories
Question 5.
In the Global Hunger Index, India’s rank is
(a) 18
(b) 19
(c) 20
(d) 21
Answer:
(c) 20