The First War of Indian Independence (1857) Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers:
Question 1.
The Mutiny of 1857 was called as ___________ by the British historians.
Answer:
‘The Sepoy Mutiny’
Question 2.
The policy implemented by Dalhousie is ___________
Answer:
‘Doctrine of Lapse’
Question 3.
During the mutiny of 1857, ___________ killed a British officer.
Answer:
Mangal Pandey
Question 4.
Jhansi Rani took over ___________ from the British during her war against them.
Answer:
Gwalior
II. Discuss in group and answer the following questions :
Question 1.
What were the result of ’Doctrine of Lapse’? Discuss.
Answer:
Due to the Doctrine of Lapse implemented by the British, many Indians Kings had to lose their kingdoms. As a result of this policy, Satara, Jaipur, Jhansi, Udaipur and many other states becpme part of the British Empire. Dalhouse abolished the kingships of Tanjavore and Carnatic Nawabs.
The British dethroned Mughal kings and many other kings. As a result, many soldiers depending on these kings became unemployed. This became the .main reason for the protest against the British.
Question 2.
How did the economic policies result in the mutiny of 1857? Explain.
Answer:
Due to the development of industrialization in England, the Indian handicrafts and industries diminished. England apart from being an industrialized country became a workshop of industries. The artisans of India became unemployed. The weavers became the first victims as wool and cloth making industries suffered a lot. The Indian handicrafts became financially pathetic. The British levied high customs on Indian goods entering the market of England.
Due Zamindari system, the farmers were exploited by Zamindars. Land tax collection rights awarded to Talukadars were withdrawn. By forming Inam Commission, Inam lands were also withdrawn. As result, the farmers had to undergo lot of economic hardships and felt insulted. Hence, the farmers also protested all these.
Question 3.
What were the issues that outraged the religious feelings of the soldier?
Answer:
THE ISSUES THAT OUR AGED THE RELIGIONS FEELING OF INDIAN SOLDIERS:
a) Indians belived that it was against their religious belief to cross the oceans to another country. Hence the pressure put on Indian Soldiers for overseas work triggerd among the Indian soldiers, due to their religious beliefs.
b) The rumour that the bullets of the New Royal Enfield guns were greased with cow or pig fat. Hindu soldiers believed that cows are sacred and pigs were prohibited for Muslims.
c) When the military soldiers at Barackpur were ordered to load the bullets to the gun by chewing a part of the bullet, they refused to do it and revolted against the British Officers.
Question 4.
What were the immediate causes of First War of Indian Independence?
Answer:
The major cause of the ‘First Indian Freedom Struggle’ are
A. Political Causes: Under the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ policy, the British annexed many kingdoms into their empire
B. Economic cause:
a) Industrial revolution in west led to decline in Indian industries and rendered many people unemployed.
b) High customs duty on Indian Goods exported to England
c) Oppressive land taxes impoverished the farmers
C. Administrative Causes: oppressive civil and criminal laws which discriminated against Indians.
D. Military Causes:
a) Indian soldiers in the British army were discriminated in status,salary and promotions.
b) The rumour that the bullets of the Royal Enfield guns were greased with the fat of pig or cow enraged the Hindus, who believed that cows are sacred and the Muslims who were prohibited the consumption of pigs, was the immediate cause for the Uprising.
Question 5.
List out the reasons that led to the failure the Mutiny.
Answer:
The First war of Indian Independence in 1857 failed due to following reasons:
- The Mutiny did not cover many parts of India
- They focused on the issues of the dethroned kings and queens rather than the freedom of the country.
- It was not a planned Mutiny
- Disunity among Indian Soldiers
- Lack of direction and efficient Leadership
- The Indian Soldiers lacked military strategies, discipline and organization
- Many Indian Kings supported the British rather than their countrymen.
- The common people lost faith in Indian Soldiers because they went about plundering and harassing them.
Question 6.
What were the main aspects in the declaration of the British Queen?
Answer:
The Queen of Britain passed a declaration in 1858. It had the following aspects:
- The agreements entered by the company with the local Kings were accepted.
- Non pursuance of regional expansion.
- Providing a stable government for Indians
- Equality before the law
- Non-interference of the government in religious issues of Indians and practicing religious tolerance.
Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
According to Indian Historians which is the.’First Indian Freedom Movement’
Answer:
The Indian Mutiny of 1857.
Question 2.
Who were the first to revolt in 1857?
Answer:
The Indian Soldiers of the British Army.
Question 3.
Which policies did the British implement to extend their rule over India?
Answer:
The Doctrine of Lapse and Subsidiary Alliance Policies.
Question 4.
Which were the Indian States annexed by the British under the Doctrine of Lapse and Subsidiary Alliance Policy?
Answer:
Satara, Jaipur, Jhnasi, Udaipur, Kittur etc:
Question 5.
Which king was declared as the emperor of India by the mutineers when they attacked the Red Fort in Delhi?
Answer:
Mugal King Bhadur Shah II.
Question 6.
State two political cause for the 1857 revolt?
Answer:
- The Policy of Subsidiary Alliance
- The Policy of Doctrine of Lapse
- Soldiers depending on the annexed kingdom’s army were rendered unemployed.
Question 7.
Discuss the reasons for the Revolt of 1857
Answer:
2. The Major cause of the ‘First Indian Freedom Struggle’ are
A. Political Causes: Under the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ policy, the British annexed many kingdoms into their empire
B. Economic cause:
- Industrial revolution in west led to decline in Indian industries and rendered many people unemployed.
- High customs duty on Indian Goods exported to England
- Oppressive land taxes impoverished the farmers
C) Administrative Causes: oppressive civil and criminal Jaws which discriminated against Indians.
D. Military Causes:
- Indian soldiers in the British army were discriminated in status, salary and promotions.
- The rumour that the bullets of the Royal enfield guns were greased with the fat of pig or cow
enraged the Hindus, who believed that cows are sacred and the Muslims who were prohibited the consumption of pigs, was the immediate cause for the Uprising.
3. During the unrest in Barackpur, Mangal Pandey shot dead a British officer.
4. At the military base in Meerut, Indian soldiers refused to use the greased bullets and rose in revolt
5. Nana Sahib of Khanpur, Tantya Tope, Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi joined the Freedom struggle
Multiple Choice Questions and Answer
Question 1.
Who was declared as the emperor of India during the Mutiny of 1857
a. Jhansi Rani Lakshmi Bai
b. Tantiya Tope
c. Mangal Pandey
d. Bahudar Shah II
Answer:
d. Bahudar Shah II
Question 2.
The Governor-General who abolished the kingship of Tanjavore and Carnatic Nawabs
a. Lord Wellesley
b. Lord Dalhousie
c. William Bentiabk
d. Lord Ripon
Answer:
b. Lord Dalhousie
Question 3.
The Sepoy Mutiny failed because.
1. Rani Lakshmi Bai was killed
2. The Mutiny lacked direction and leadership
3. It lacked discipline and organizing skills
4. Mangal pandey was hanged
Choose the correct answer:
A. Only 1 and 2 are correct
B. Only 2 and 3 are correct
C. All of the above are correct
D. All of the above are incorrect
Answer:
b. Only 2 and 3 are correct
Question 4.
The Mutiny of 1857 first started at
A. Barackpur
B. Meerut
C. Delhi
D. Jhansi
Answer:
d. Barackpur