Category: Class 10

Indian Natural Disasters Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks appropriate Answers

Question 1.
The most destructive atmospheric disaster is ______________
Answer:
Cyclone

Question 2.
In India the eastern coast is more prone to ______________
Answer:
Cyclone

Question 3.
In peninsular India ______________ occur occasionally.
Answer:
Earthquakes

Question 4.
In India ______________ occur very often in huilly states.
Answer:
Land slides

Question 5.
Coastal erosion is mostly caused by ______________ action.
Answer:
wave.

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following :

Question 1.
What Natural Disasters ? Give example?
Answer:
Natural disasters can be geological hazards such as earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, landslides and avalanches. The weather associated natural disasters are cyclones, drought, floods and epidemics.

Question 2.
What are Floods? Mention the natural causes of floods?
Answer:
Flood refer to the inundation of land by river water. It is recurring disasters in India. One part of the country or the other has to face floods almost every year.

Causes: Floods are caused by both natural and man made factors. The natural factors include heavy rainfall, melting of snow, tropical cyclones, cloud burst, blockage of the free flow of river water and silting river beds etc.

Question 3.
What is a cyclone ? Mention their major effects.
Answer:
Cyclones are a system of winds rotating spirally towards to an area of low barometric pressure or depression. It is a tropical storm. The major effects are tropical cyclones are very destructive to causes loss of life and property, damage to buildings, transports and communication system, disrupt power supply, destroy crops, vegetation, animals etc.,

Question 4.
Explain the causes and effects of landslides.
Answer:
Causes: Both natural and human induced forces cause landslides.
Natural forces: Under cutting of the slope as in sea wave erosion of a sea cliff, earthquakes and heavy rainfall.

Human forces: Deforestation, construction of roads, railway lines, dams and reservoirs, hydel power projects, mining, quarrying etc.,

Effects: Landsides are destructive natural disasters. Major effects are blocking of roads, railway lines, burying of human settlements and vegetation, loss of life and property etc., Roads blocking is a very common problem.

Question 5.
Write about causes and distribution of coastal erosion in India
Answer:
Human interference also helps in coastal erosion. Removal of sand and construction breakwater are the main causes.

Effects: coastal erosion is one of the natural disasters.

• Coastal areas including trees and building can be washed away.
• The roads, railway lines, bridges etc., along with the coast can be damaged
• Coastal areas can remain flooded over a long period of time requiring resettlement of people.

Question 6.
Mention the precautionary measures to be taken to reduce the effects of earthquakes
Answer:
Precautionary measurers

• Avoid the human settlements in the earthquake prone zones.
• Follow earthquake resistant designs for the construction of buildings.
• Use building materials of high quality and avoid high rise buildings.
• Restrict the over ground water mining.
• Restrict urban growth in the hilly areas with high seismic vulnerability.
• Avoid the construction of large dams and reservoirs.
• Stop deforestration and heavy quarrying activities.
  Besides post disaster measures after earthquakes are also essential i.e., relief, recovery, rehabilitations.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Which are the man made causes of floods?
Answer:
The man made causes of floods are deforestation, faulty irrigation and agricultural practices, breaking of barrages and rapid urbanization.

Question 2.
List out the measures to control floods.
Answer:

• Afforerstation in the catchment area which helps in the reduction of run off.
• Construction of dams across the rivers and storing of water in reservoirs. It reduce the volume of water and helps to provide water for irrigation etc.,
• Construction of embankments for protection against inundation of the inhabited areas and agricultural land.
• Flood forecasting and early warnings. This is essential for taking timely action to prevent loss of human life, livestocks and property.

Question 3.
What are the measures to control floods.
Answer:
Slope reduction, prevention of rock falls along highways and other slope, avoiding of mining and quarrying activities near the steep slopes and human settlement and buildings. There should be massive reforestation etc., steps to reduce the occurrence of landslides.

Question 4.
Which are the preventive measures to control coastal erosion?
Answer:

• Constructing sea walls, groins and break waters to protect the coastal areas from wave erosion.
• Restrict sand mining in coastal areas.
• Planting of trees to stabilise the beaches and coastal dunes.

Question 5.
Mention the causes of earthquakes.
Answer:
Earthquake occur due to several causes such as plate movements, volcanic eruption, faulting and folding, landslides, collapse of underground cave roofs, hydrostatic pressure of man made water bodies like reservoirs etc., In India most of the earthquakes that have occurred earlier were due to plat movement.

Question 6.
Name the three major earthquake zones in India.
Answer:

1. The Himalayan zone
2. The Indo-Gangetic Zone
3. The peninsular Zone

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Industries Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks appropriate answers

Question 1.
JIndal Vijayanagar Steel Ltd is located in ______________ state.
Answer:
Karnataka

Question 2.
Bauxite is the main raw material for ______________ industry.
Answer:
Aluminium

Question 3.
The Paper industry is ______________ based industry.
Answer:
Forest

Question 4.
The first modern paper mill was set up in 1932 at ______________
Answer:
Serampur, West Bengal

II. Answer the following questions after discussing them in groups.

Question 1.
What is meant by manufacturing industries? Mention their factor of location.
Answer:
The conversion of raw materials into usable products is known as “manufacturing industries.

The localization and growth of industries are influenced by many factors. The most important factors affecting the localization of industries are:

• supply of raw materials,
• supply of power,
• transport and communication facilities,
• market facilities,
• capital,
• labour and water supply,
• ideal climate and
• Government policies.

Question 2.
List out the major Industrial Regions in India?
Answer:
In India there are 8 major industrial regions. They are

• The Hooghly Kolkata region,
• The Mumbai – Pune region
• The Ahmedabad – Vandodara region
• The Madurai – Coimbatore region
• The Delhi Meerut region,
• Visakhapatnam – Guntur region and
• The Kolkata – Thiruvananthapuram region.

Question 3.
Give an account of Aluminium industry in India?
Answer:
The location of aluminium industry is mainly governed by

• the availability of bauxite, which is the main raw material
• supply of hydro electric power
• wide market and capital

The aluminium industry is the second important metal based industry in India. It was started in 1942 at Jayakayanagar in West Bengal. Now there are mine major aluminium plants in the country. They are at Jayakayanagar in West Bengal, Alumpuram in Kerala, Mettur in Tamil Nadu, Belagavi in Karnataka, Hirkud and Damanjodi in Odisha, Renukoot in Uttar Pradsh, Koraba in Chhattisgarh and Rathnagiri in Maharashtra.

India has the eleventh place in the world for the production of aluminium product. India important aluminium to meet its local demands.

Question 4.
Describe the distribution of Cotton textile industry in India?
Answer:
Cotton textile industry is widely distributed over more than 76 towns and cities of India. However it is concentrated mainly in the cotton growing states, i.e. Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana. Maharashtra and Gujarat are the leading manufacturers of cotton textiles. Mumbai is the most popular centre for cotton textile industry. It is known as “Cottonopolis of India” and ‘Manchester of India’.

Question 5.
Write the importance of Knowledge -based industry in India?
Answer:
The development of knowledge based industry has become a powerful tool of socio-economic change. India has the potential to become a leading knowledge’ based industry with its young population and growing information technology. So, at present it is very rapidly developing industry in the country.

‘Information Technology (IT) is a key knowledge based industry. Its main components are software and hardware. The software is supported by both state and central Government of India. To encouraging the industry many software technology parks (STP) were established (1995) in different parts of the country.

However the industry is mainly developed in southern states such as Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Telagana. Karnataka has achieved a great name in software industry. Several Information Technology Institutions have been established and concentrated in Bengaluru, Mumbai, Pune, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Delhi and Noida.

Bengaluru is the most important centre for Indian software Industry and it is called “Silicon valley of India”. Mysuru, Mangaluru, Udupi and Hubballi are other centres for software in Karnataka. Side by side hardware industry has also developed. Software has become an important item of export in India and earn a large amount of foreign exchange for the country.

III. Match the following :

A	B
1. Bengaluru	a. VISL
2. Mumbai	b.  Cottonpolis of India
3. Bhadravathi	c. Aluminium industry
4. Renukoot	d. Silion Valley of India

Answer:
1. – d,
2. – b,
3. – a,
4. – c

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Ancient Indians knew the art of smelting Iron ore. Justify.
Answer:
The best example of ancient Indians knew the art of Iron are smelting is the Iron pillar of Mcharuli in Delhi.

Question 2.
Which modern Indian personality is credited to be the ‘Father of Iron and Steel Industry’.
Answer:
J.N.Tata.

Question 3.
List the factors of the location of Iron and Steel industries?
Answer:
The factors of location of Iron and Steel industry are

• supply of basic raw material of iron ore,
• Coking coal as a main source of power and hydel power,
• Railway transport and port facilities,
• Plenty of water supply,
• Cheap labour,
• Capital and local market.

Question 4.
Name five public sector Iron and Steel industries of India.
Answer:

1. Indian Iron and Steel Co. (IISCO) at Burnpur in West Bengal,
2. Vishweshwaraiah Iron and Steel Ltd., (VISL) at Bhadravathi in Karnataka.
3. Hindustan Steel Ltd., at Bhilai, Durg district in Chhattisgarh
4. Hindustan Steel Ltd., at Rourkela, Sundargarh district in Odisha.
5. Hindustan Steel Ltd., at Durgapur in West Bengal.

Question 5.
State the distribution of Aluminium industry in India.
Answer:
The aluminium industry is the second important metal based industry in India. It was started in 1942 at Jayakaynagar in West Bengal. Now there are nine major aluminium plants in the country. They are at Jayakayanagar in West Bengal, Alumpuram in Kerala, Mettur in Tamil Nadu, Belagavi in Karnataka, Hirkud and Damanjodi in Odisha, Renukoot in Uttar Pradesh, Koraba in Chattisgarh and Ratnagiri in Maharashtra.

Question 6.
Give the importance of Cotton Textile Industry in India.
Answer:
Cotton textile is the biggest and the most important branch of textile industry in India. It is the most important agro – based industry. Cotton cloth making was known to the Indians since a long time. But it was confined to handlooms. The first modern cotton textile industry was started in 1854 when a cotton mill was setup at Mumbai.

After that the industry made rapid progress and more mills were established. Now India ranks second in the world in respect of cotton fabrics production, next to the china. Also India is the second largest exporter of cotton textiles.

The location of cotton textile industry is governed by the supply of raw cotton, power, vast market, capital, skilled labour and humid climate.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Bengaluru is known as the
(a) Rice bowl of India
(b) Silicon valley of India
(c) Cotton polls of India
(d) Sugar bowl of India
Answer:
(b) Silicon valley of India

Question 2.
The Government of India established to encourage knowledge based industries.
(a) STP’s
(b) Cotton industry,
(c) Paper industry,
(d) Aluminium industry
Answer:
(a) STP’s

Question 3.
Mumbai is known for its ____________ industries
(a) IT industries
(b) Steel industries
(c) cotton industries
(d) aluminium industries
Answer:
(c) cotton industries

Question 4.
Vishweswariah Iron and Steel industry-led (VISL) is located at
(a) Torangallu, Ballari District
(b) Bhadravathi, Karnataka
(c) Jalem, Tamilnadu
(d) Vishakapatnam, Andra Pradesh
Answer:
(b) Bhadravathi, Karnataka.

Question 5.
The art of making paper was introduced in India in the – cen¬tury.
(a) 8th C
(b) 9th C
(c) 10th C
(d) 11th C
Answer:
(c) 10th C

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Transport and Communication Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks appropriate answers

Question 1.
For the development of villages and agriculture of India ________________ means of transport is essential.
Answer:
effecient and cheap

Question 2.
The first railway line in India was laid between ________________ and ________________
Answer:
Mumbai, Thane in 1853

Question 3.
Mumbai port is called as ________________
Answer:
‘Gate way of India’

Question 4.
Bengaluru International Air port is called ________________
Answer:
Kempegowda International Airport.

Question 5.
The newspaper Bombay Samachar was started in ________________
Answer:
1822

II. Answer the following questions after discussing them in groups.

Question 1.
Define Transport and Communication.
Answer:
‘Transport’ means movement of goods, service and passengers from one place to another”
The conveyance of messages from one person to another or from one place to another is called ‘communication ’

Question 2.
Explain Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways.
Answer:
Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways: The Golden quadrilateral is a project with 4 to 6 land roads. It was started in 1999. This highway network connect major cities as well as cultural and industrial centres of the country, It links Delhi – Jaipur – Ahmedabad – Surat – Mumbai – Pune – Bengaluru – Chennai – Visakhapatnam – Bhubaneswar – Kolkata – Allahabad – Kanpur – Delhi.

The Super Highways are divided into two divisions
(a) The North-south corridor which runs from Srinagar to Kanyakumari and
(b) The East-West corridor which runs from Silchar in Assam to Porbandar in Gujarat. They also connect many important cities, industrial centres and ports.

The construction and maintenance of these roads is under the control of National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)

Question 3.
Give an account of Railways in India.
Answer:
Railways are the other important mode of land transport. They are very useful to carry heavy goods and large number of passengers over a long distance. They play a vital role in the development of agriculture, industry and economy of India. They help to expand trade and tourism.

In India the railways were constructed during the British period for convenient transport of raw materials and the movement of army from one place to another. The first railway line was laid between Bombay and Thane in 1853, followed by Kolkata to Raniranji (1854), Chennai to Arkonam (1864). Then gradually developed in other parts of the country.

Railways form the largest public sector undertaking in India. It have a network of about 7031 stations and a length of 64,015 Kms. The railways are divided into 16 zones for the purpose of efficient management. Many steps are taken to provide comfortable and safe railway travel.

Pipelines: They are a new mode of land transport. Pipelines are laid under the earth’s surface. They are mostly used to transport crude oil from oil field to refineries, natural gas and mineral slurry. The total length of pipelines in India is 35,676 Kms.

Question 4.
Explain briefly the importance of Transport in India.
Answer:
Transport plays a very important role in the development of all factors of human activities namely the primary sector, the secondary sector and the tertiary sector. It is said that “If agriculture and industries are the body and bones of a national organism, transport and communications are the nerves”.

Efficient and cheap means of transport helps to develop resources, agriculture, promotes industrial progress, widen the market, increases internal and external trade, provides employment, raises the income and standard of living of the people, encourages tourism and helps defence.

Question 5.
Write a note on Airways in India.
Answer:
India is a vast country and has all the favourable factors for the development of air transport.
There are two separate corporations for operational purpose. They are
1. Air India International which provides services between India and various other countries,

2. Indian Airlines which operates within the country and also connects neighbouring countries. Until recently Air transport was in the public sector. But now there are private air transport companies holding permits for non-scheduled services, i.e. Jet Airways, Sahara Air lines, Paramount Air ways etc.

Airports: There are 141 airports in India of which 28 designated International Airports, 88 domestic airports and 25 civil enclaves at defence airfields. The Airport Authority of India manages these airports.

Question 6.
Mention the different types of Communication in India.
Answer:
Today India has various modes of communications. They may be broadly divided into two categories :
i) Personal and ii) Mass communications Letters (Post), Telephone, Telegram, Fax, E-mail, Internet, Seminar, Conference etc; are personal communications, Newspaper, Radio, Television, Magazines and Books are come under mass media.

The Geographical Information System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS_ and Remote sensing technology have been developed in India. GIS is a computer based system which can accumulate and internet data on the Earth surface. The GPS indicates the location of a stationary or moving object or person through pointing out the latitude and longitude and height above sea level. The Remote sensing Technology collects information regarding the Earth’s surface. It gathers information about the distance between two objects without touching the objects. Aerial and satellite photos are taken through remote sensing.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write a brief note on Road Transport.
Answer:
Roads are the most ancient and universal means of transport. They play a vital role in the economic growth of a nation. India is a land of villages and mainly an agricultural nation. For the development of agriculture and village industries, roads, are essential, because they are very convenient to connect isolated villages. Roads can be constructed in forests and hilly regions. They connect remote places with towns and cities, provide Door to Door service. They are the feeders to railways, sea ports and airports. They play a very important role in tourism, trade and commerce, and industries. They create employment opportunities and are most useful for defence, especially in border areas.

Question 2.
How are different types of roads classified in India.
Answer:
On the basis of construction and maintenance roads are classified into Five types: They are :

1. Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways.
2. National Highways.
3. State Highways.
4. District Roads
5. Village Roads.

Question 3.
State the importance of communication.
Answer:
1. It helps in quick transmission and discrimination of ideas, information and messages from person to person and place to place.

2. Communication helps in creating awareness among the people about government policies and programmes of development.

3. It enables us to know about natural hazards and disasters, weather forecasting etc. It helps in the progress of trade, industry, agriculture etc.

4. It provides entertainment, day to day information of the world. Helps to maintain unity and integrity of the country.

Question 4.
Radio and Television are important means of communication? Explain
Answer:
Radio and Television play a very important role in mass communication. Even in remote places of India the people can hear radio messages and watch TV. They are very useful to our several areas, because our farmers get upto date informations about the agricultural problems, farm commodity prices, weather forecast, modern methods of cultivation etc. They provide a variety of programmes such as educational and informative news, entertainment. All Indi Radio (AIR) was coined in 1936. TV broadcasting was started under the name of Doordarshan (DD) at Delhi in 1959.

Multiple choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Roads are important means of
(a) Air transport
(b) Water transport
(c) Land transport
(d) communication
Answer:
(c) Land transport

Question 2.
The Golden quadrilateral project was started in the year
(a) 1999
(b) 2000
(c) 2001
(d) 2002
Answer:
(a) 1999

Question 3.
District roads are maintained by
(a) Central public works department
(b) State public works department
(c) Zilla panchayat
(d) National highways authority of India
Answer:
(c) Zilla panchayat

Question 4.
The largest national highway in India is
(a) NH No.6
(b)NH No.4
(c) NH No.7
d) NH No.36
Answer:
(c) NH No.7

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Mineral and Power Resources Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks appropriate answers

Question 1.
The most important ferro-alloy metal is ________________
Answer:
Manganese

Question 2.
The main source of Aluminium is ________________
Answer:
Bauxite

Question 3.
The important non-metallic mineral is ________________
Answer:
Mica

Question 4.
A fuel substance of plant origin is ________________
Answer:
Coal

Question 5.
Shivanasamudram hydel power station is in the state of ________________
Answer:
Karnataka

II. Answer the following questions after discussing them in groups.

Question 1.
Define the terms Mineral and Mining.
Answer:
Mineral is a natural inorganic substance that possesses a definite chemical composition and physical properties. Eg. Iron
Mining: The process of extracting minerals from the earth is ‘Mining’

Question 2.
What are the main uses of Manganese ore?
Answer:
Manganese is the most important ferroalloy metal. It is used for the manufacture of steel. It is also in the manufacture, of dry batteries, paints, glass, pottery and calico printing.

Question 3.
Mention the major states producing Bauxite in India
Answer:
The largest reserves of bauxite are in Odisha, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh.

Question 4.
Explain the meaning and importance of power resources in India.
Answer:
Meaning and importance: The resources which are necessary for the generation of energy are called ‘power resources’. Power resources are essential for economic development and improving the standard of living of the people in a country. They play a major role in the development of industry, agriculture, commerce, transport and communications etc.

Question 5.
Explain the distribution of Petroleum in India.
Answer:
In India most of the petroleum reserves are found in Bombay High and in the state of Gujarat, Assam, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

Bombay High oil field extend in Arabian Sea near to Mumbai has the largest reserves of petroleum and has the highest production of crude oil in India. Gujarat is the second leading oil producing area in India. Its important oil fields are Ankaleswar, Cambay, Kalol, Navgaon and Mahsena, Petroleum was first discovered in India at Makum in Assam.

Formerly, Assam was the leading producer of crude oil. Now it ranks third. The main oil fields are Digboi, Naharkatiya, Moran Hugrijan, Sibsagar and Rudrasagar. The other oil fields are located in the basin and deltas of the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri river.

Question 6.
Mention the Nuclear Power plants of Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
The first nuclear power plant was set up at Tarapur (1969). Now there are 7 nuclear power plants in the country. They are

• Tarapur, near Mumbai, in Maharashtra.
• Ranapratapsagar, near Kota in Rajasthan
• Kalpakam, near Chennai in Tamil Nadu.
• Narora near Narora in Uttar Pradesh.
• Kakrapara in Gujarat,
• Kaiga near Karwar in Karnataka and
• Kundan Kulam in Tamil Nadu.

Question 7.
Mention the main hydel power plants of Tamilnadu
Answer
Mettur, Pykara, Papanasum, Periyam, Moyar Kundah, Suruliyar, Kodayar, Solayar

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is ‘Ore’?
Answer:
Ore: The deposits from which the minerals are obtained.

Question 2.
What is Indian’s position in the world regarding Manganese ore?
Answer:
India is one of the leading producer and exports of Manganese ore in the world.

Question 3.
Mention the main regions where deposits of Manganese ore are found in India.
Answer:
Odisha, Maharastra, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka.

Question 4.
Where do we find Manganese deposits in Karnataka?
Answer:
Uttara Kannada, Shivamogga, Ballari, Chitradurga and Tumkuru.

Question 5.
Mention the important regions of Karnataka where Iron ore deposits are found.
Answer:
Sandur – Hospete, Kemmanagundi and Kudremukh.

Question 6.
Which is the main source of Aluminium?
Answer:
Bauxite

Question 7.
Why is Aluminium known as ‘Wonder Metal’ of the 20th Century?
Answer:
Because it has innumerable uses in every sphere of life.

Question 8.
Where is the unique ‘Honey Mica’ found in India?
Answer:
The Mica found in ‘Nellore’ of Andra Pradesh is light green in colour and is locally called Tloney Mica’.

Question 9.
Which state is the second largest producer of Mica in India?
Answer:
Rajasthan.

Question 10.
Mention some by-products of coal.
Answer:
Ammonia coal tar, coal gas, benzol, naptha, sulphur etc. These are used as raw materials in chemical industrials in chemical industries, eg. dyes, plastics, synthetic fibers, rubber etc.

Question 11.
Where was Petroleum first discovered in India?
Answer:
Makkum in Assam.

Question 12.
Where are large reserves of petroleum found in India? Bombay high oil field extends
Answer:
Arabin sea near Mumbai.

Question 13.
Which region in Karnataka has petroleum reserves?
Answer:
Ankaleshwar.

Question 14.
What are Fossil fuels ? Give examples.
Answer:
Any fuel made from fossilized remains of plants and animals eg: coal, petroleum, natural gas.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Which of the following is a non-metalic mineral.
(a) Iron
(b) Bauxite
(c) Coal
(d) Aluminium
Answer:
(c) coal

Question 2.
The largest producer of Iron ore in India is
(a) Odisha
(b) Karnataka
(c) West Bengal
(d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer:
(a) Odisha

Question 3.
The metal which is called the ‘Wonder Metal’ of the 20th century is
(a) Iron
(b) Aluminium
(c) Gold
(d) Silver
Answer:
(b) Aluminium

Question 4.
_____________ is one of the by-products of coal
(a) Petroleum
(b) Natural gas
(c) Ammonia
(d) Carbon-di-oxide
Answer:
(c) Ammonia

Question 5.
Which of the following is a non conventional sources of energy
(a) Coal
(b) Petroleum
(c) Hydel-power
(d) Solar energy
Answer:
(d) Solar energy

Question 6.
The mineral which is called ‘Black Gold’ is
(a) Iron
(b) Mica
(c) Manganese
(d) Petroleum
Answer:
(d) Petroleum

Question 7.
Nuclear power station in Karnataka is in
(a) Mangalore
(b) Karwar
(c) Kaiga
(d) Kunigal
Answer:
(c) Kaiga

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Land Resources Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
The land which is not used for cultivation is called ______________
Answer:
Cultivable waste land

Question 2.
A system of farming involving both crops and livestock is known as ______________ farming.
Answer:
mixed

Question 3.
The crops grown in between the Kharif and Rabi season are called ______________ crops.
Answer:
zaid

Question 4.
The largest rice producing state in India ______________
Answer:
West Bengal

II.Answer the following after discussing them in groups 

Question 1.
What is meant by land use pattern?
Answer:
The distribution of land for different uses such as forestry, cultivation, pastures etc. is called ‘Land use’ as “Land utilization”.

Question 2.
What is plantation farming? Give examples
Answer:
Plantation Farming: It refers to the cultivation of single crop on large estates for the market. It requires more labour and capital Tea, coffee, rubber and coconut are the important plantation crops of India.

Question 3.
Distinguish between the Kharif and Rabi crop season.
Answer:
grown during the rainy season are called Kharif crops. The sowing takes place in June-July, when the South-West Monsoon starts and the crops are harvested in September-October. Rice, jowar, ragi, cotton, groundnuts, tobacco etc., are the main kharif crops.

The Rabi Crop Season: The sowing takes place in October -November when the North-East Monsoon begins and are harvested in February-March. This is known as Rabi season and crops are called Rabi crops, i.e. Wheat, barley, gram, lilnseed etc.

Question 4.
What are the conditions required for sugarcane cultivations?
Answer:
Sugarcane is an annual crop and it is grown in irrigated areas. It requires high temperature of 21° to 26° c and heavy rainfall ranging from 100 to 150 cm per annum. It thrives best in alluvial and loamy soils.

Question 5.
What are the beverage crops? Give examples.
Answer:
The crops which are used to produce stimulating drinks are called ‘beverage crops’. Coffee and tea are the most important beverage crops of India.

Question 6.
Explain the role of Horticulture in India
Answer:
In India horticulture provides an incentive for making agriculture more profitable through efficient land-use, optimum utilization of natural resources and generating skilled employment for the rural masses. It enhances exports and provides nutritional security.

India with this wide variety of climate and soil has good potential for growing a variety of horticultural crops. Now, India , has emerged as an important producer of horticultural crops. It is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world next to China. Its share in the global production of fruits is 11% and that of vegetables is 7 percent.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Mention the classification of land use pattern in India.
Answer:
The pattern of Land utilization can be classified into seven categories

•  Net area sown
• Forest area
• Land not available for cultivation
• Fallow land
• Cultivable waste land
• Permanent pasture and other grazing land
• Land under miscellaneous uses

Question 2.
What are the factors that determine Land Utilization?
Answer:
Land utilization is determined by factors, such as, relief, climate, soil population density, socio-economic and technical factors.

Question 3.
Write about the net sown area of India.
Answer:
Net Area Sown: It includes land that can be used to cultivate crops. This category is very important in an agricultural country like India. It. accounts for. about 42.42% of the total reported area of India’ However it is not evenly distributed all over the country. The highest proportion is found in the states of Punjab, Haryana, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Kerala. It is least in the north-eastern states and medium in other states.

Question 4.
Explain the importance of Agriculture in India.
Answer:
Agriculture is one of the most important and ancient occupation of human beigns. India is a country known for agriculture Nearly 65 percent of the people depend on agriculture. The economic progress of the country depends on the progress of agriculture.

Question 5.
What is intensive farming?
Answer:
Intensive Farming: A method of farming in which a large amount of capital and labour are applied per unit of land is called ‘Intensive farming’. Under this type of farming, land is cultivated intensively throughout the year. Farmers try to raise two or more crops to get maximum production from small land holdings. It is common in the fertile and irrigated areas of the country.

Question 6.
What is meant by cropping pattern? What are the factors that influence the cropping pattern of a region.
Answer:
The cropping pattern of region refers to the proportion of an area under different crops at a given time.

The factors that that influence the cropping pattern of any region in India are, relief features, soil climate, size of farms, water supply, income of farmers, technology etc.

Question 7.
Rice is the most important food crop of India. Justify.
Answer:
Rice is the most important food crop of India. It is the staple food of the people in the eastern, southern and south-western parts of the country. India- has the largest area under rice in the world. But it is the second largest producer of rice, only after China. Rice is the major Kharif crop of India.

Rice is grown in almost all the states of India. West Bengal is the largest producer of rice in the country. The other important producers of rice are Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Tamilnadu, Odisha and Karnataka.

Question 8.
Write a brief note on Cotton Crop.
Answer:
Cotton is an important industrial and fiber crop. It provides raw material for the cotton textile industry in India. Cotton is a tropical and sub-tropical crop. It requires 21° to 24°c temperature and rainfall of 50-100cm in a year. Black cotton soil is the best suited for its growth. It is grown as a Kharif crop.

Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are the major producers of cotton in India. India has the largest cotton growing area and is the third largest producer of raw cotton in the world.

Question 9.
State the importance of Floriculture in India.
Answer:
Floriculture: is the cultivation of flowers for commercial purpose. India is known for the art of growing flowers since time immemorial It plays a significant role in Indian agriculture. It has the potential of generating income and providing employment opportunities for farmers, especially women and add to the export of the country.

India’s agro-climatic conditions are very suitable for the cultivation of a variety of flowers. India is known for growing traditional flowers such as jasmine, marigold, role crossandra and aster. Cut flowers includes archids, gladiolus, carnation, anthurium and lilies.

Multiple Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The main source of livelihood in India is
(a) Trade
(b) Horticulture
(c) Agriculture
(d) Floriculture
Answer:
(c) Agriculture

Question 2.
Mixed Farming was introduced in India in
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1950
(d) 1951
Answer:
(d) 1951

Question 3.
Coffee, Tea, Rubber, Coconut are
(a) Food Crops
(b) Commercial Crops
(c) Plantation Crops
(d) Beverage Crops
Answer:
(c) Plantation Crops

Question 4.
The tribals of of Assam practice _____________ farming
(a) Subsistence Farming
(b) Shifting Farming
(c) Sedentary Farming
(d) Mixed Farming
Answer:
(b) Shifting Farming

Question 5.
The Kharif Crop season is in
(a) June – October
(b) October – March
(c) July – August
(d) February – March
Answer:
(a) June – October

Question 6.
The proportion of an area under different crops at a give time is known as ,
(a) Land use pattern
(b) Net area sown
(c) Cropping pattern
(d) Net area under irrigation
Answer:
(c) Cropping pattern

Question 7.
The largest producer of Rice is
(a) India
(b) Brazil
(c) U.S.A
(d) China
Answer:
(d) China

Question 8.
The second largest producer of Sugarcane in the world is
(a) India
(b) Brazil
(c) Cuba
(d) Pakistan
Answer:
(a) India

Question 9.
The soil best suited for Cotton Crop is
(a) Red Soil
(b) Laterite Soil
(c) Black Soil
(d) Mountain Soil
Answer:
Black Soil

Question 10.
The region where tea is grown in South India is
(a) Karnataka
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Telangana
(d) Kerala
Answer:
(d) Kerala

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Water Resources Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
River Indus rises near _____________ .
Answer:
Mt. Kailash Tibet

Question 2.
The longest river in South India is _____________
Answer:
Godavari

Question 3.
Hirakud project is build across _____________ river
Answer:
Mahanadi

Question 4.
The longest tributary of the Ganga is _____________
Answer:
Yamuna

Question 5.
The Kosi project is a joint venture of _____________ and _____________
Answer:
India & Nepal

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Explain the Brahmaputra river System?
Answer:
The Brahmaputra rises near Lake Manasasarovar (Tibet) and flows towards the east. It enters India through a narrow gorge in Arunachal Pradesh. Then it flows to the west and turns to the south in Bangladesh. Where it joins the Ganga. Its length is 2589 kms.

Question 2.
What is irrigation? Mention its main types in India?
Answer:
The artificial supply of water for the purpose of agriculture is called irrigation.
The main types of irrigation in India are :

• Well Irrigation
• Canal Irrigation
• Tank Irrigation

Question 3.
Why is irrigation important in India?
Answer:
India is an agricultural country. Therefore it needs a regular and sufficient supply of water. Agriculture in India depends mainly on monsoon rainfall. It is seasonal, uncertain and unevenly distributed. There are certain crops with require a larger and regular water supply, such as Rice, Sugarcane etc., Besides to increase the yield and production of crops requires regular supply of water. This can be provided only by irrigation which is very essential in India.

Question 4.
What is Multi Purpose River Valley Project?
Answer:
The river valley projects which provide multiple benefits are called ‘Multipurpose river valley projects.

Question 5.
Write a note on Almatti River Valley Project.
Answer:
It is the biggest multipurpose river valley project in North Karnataka across river Krishna. It comprises of two dams namely Alamatti and Narayanpura and a hydel power house. The main aims of the project are to provide irrigation, drinking water and to generate hydro-electricity.

The Almatti dam is constructed near Almatti village in Basavana Bagewadi taluk and the Narayanapura dam is located near Siddapur village in Muddebihal taluk of Vijayapura district. Bagalkot, Vijayapura, Kalburgi, Yadgir and parts of Belagavi districts benefit from this project.

Question 6.
Explain the importance and distribution of well irrigation.
Answer:
It is the most important type of irrigation in India. Nearly 60.7% of the Total irrigated area is from well irrigation. Well irrigation is possible even in areas of low rainfall, it is cheap and easy to dig wells and they do not require superior technology. It is easy even for small farmers to dig wells.

Well irrigation is largely practiced in the Ganga plains including Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. In South India well irrigation is widely practiced in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Odisha.

III. Match the following projects in ‘A’ with states ‘B’

A	B
1. Nagarjuna Sagar	a. Karnataka
2. Bhakra-Nangal	b. Himachal Pradesh
3. Hirakud	c. Telangana
4. Tungabhadra	d. Odisha

Answer:
1 – c,
2 – b,
3 – d,
4 – a

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What are surface water resources?
Answer:
Rainfall, rivers, lakes, tanks and springs are surface water resources.

Question 2.
How are the river systems in India classified.
Answer:

• The Rivers of North India or Himalayan rivers.
• The Rivers of South India or Peninsular river.

Question 3.
Explain the Ganga river system.
Answer:
The Ganga river is the largest river of India. Its total length is 2525km. It rises in the Gangotri glacier. It flows towards the south and south-east, then enters Bangladesh where it joins the Brahmaputra. After it joins the Brahmaputra it continues as Padma and finally flows into the Bay of Bengal. Its major tributaries are Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Ramaganga, Gomati, Sarada, Son and Kosi. Of these Yamuna is the longest tributary.

Question 4.
Which are the east flowing rivers of Peninsular India.
Answer:
Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and kaveri

Question 5.
Which are the West flowing rivers of Peninsular India?
Answer:
Narmada and Tapi

Question 6.
Explain the importance of Canal Irrigation in India.
Answer:
It occupies the second place after well irrigation and accounts for about 27% of the total irrigated area. India has one of the world’s largest canal systems. The Government is responsible for the construction and maintenance of canals.

There are two types of canals – inundation canals and perennial canals. In foundation canals, water is drawn directly from the river without building dam. In perennial canals, dams are constructed across the rivers and water is stored in the reservoirs and used for agriculture through canals.

Canal irrigation is extensive in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Bihar Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, West Bengal and Karnataka states.

Question 7.
Mention the main aims of Multipurpose projects?
Answer:
The main aims of these project are :

• to provide water for irrigation.
• to control the floods,
• to generate hydro-electricity.
• to prevent soil erosion.
• to develop inland waterways and fishing.
• to provide recreation facilities.
• to provide water for domestic purposes and industries.
• to reclaim land for agriculture,
• afforestation etc.

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Forest Resources Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers:

Question 1.
The _______________ forests do not shed their leaves all the same time in the year.
Answer:
Tropical Evergreen

Question 2.
Monsoon forests are also known as _______________
Answer:
Tropical Decidious forests

Question 3.
The Himalayas have _______________ type of forests.
Answer:
Mountain

Question 4.
The _______________ forests are mainly found in the deltas of rivers.
Answer:
Mangrove

Question 5.
The Nagarjuna sagar wild life sanctuary is an _______________ state.
Answer:
Telangana.

II. Answer the following after discussing them in groups.

Question 1.
What is meant by forests?
Answer:
A large area of land covered with trees and undergrowth is called forests. It is generally extensive and commercial value. It consists of either natural or planted vegetation.

Question 2.
Name the areas where desert vegetation is found in India?
Answer:
Thar desert, parts of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Deccan Plateau

Question 3.
Mention any four measures for the conservation of forests?
Answer:
Measures for the conservation of forests in India.

• Control of deforestation
• Restriction of grazing
• Control of forest fires
• Prevention of encroachment on forests
• Control of forest insects and diseases
• Controlling illegal cutting of trees
• Scientific cutting of trees.
• Legislation to check deforestation
• Encourage afforestation
• Creating of awareness among the people about the importance of forests.

Question 4.
What is meant by wild life sanctuaries?
Answer:
Wild life sanctuary (WLS): refers to a place meant for providing protection to wild life. It is an area where killing or capturing of any species of animals is prohibited except under orders of the competent authority.

Question 5.
Name the National Parks of Karnataka.
Answer:

• Bandipur National Park
• Nagarahole National Park
• Banerghatta National Park

Question 6.
Mention the main objectives of Biosphere reserves.
Answer:
The main objectives of Biosphere reserves are conservation, research, education and local involvement of people.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Explain the importance of Forests.
Answer:
Forests constitute one of the natural resources of India. Directly they provide a large variety of woods which are used as fuel, timber and industrial raw materials. Forests provide fodder for livestock and employment opportunites for the people.

Indirectly forests preserve the physical features, check soil erosion, control floods and regulate the flow of rivers. Forests prevent desertification, help to improve soil fertility, make the climate equable and help to maintain ecological balance. They provide shelter to wildlife.

Question 2.
Write a short note on Tropical Evergreen Forests.
Answer:
The Tropical Evergreen Forests : These forests are found in areas of heavy annual rainfall exceeding 250cm. They are found mainly on the western slopes of the Western Ghats and hills of north eastern states of Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura, Manipura and Andaman – Nicoba islands.

These forests are dense and the trees grow to a great height. The trees and plants do not shed their leaves during the year at the same time. Hence they are evergreen. The important trees are Teak, Rosewood, Ebony, Mahogany, Gurjan and Champa.

Question 3.
Name the areas in which Tropical decidious forests are found in India.
Answer:
A wide area largely on the eastern slopes of the Western bhats including Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, Chotanagpur plateau, footn hills of the Himalayas, parts of Odisha and West Bengal.

Question 4.
Name some trees found in Tropical decidious forests of India.
Answer:
The trees found in Tropical decideous forests of India are Teak, Sal, Sandalwood, Kusum, Kanju, Myrobalan, Siris, Mango, Neem, Tamrind etc.

Question 5.
Describe Mangrove forests.
Answer:
Mangrove Forests: These forests are found in wet marshy areas, in river deltas and along the sea coast washed by tides. They are mainly found in the deltas of rivers on the eastern coast and in pockets on the western coast of India. The important trees are Rhizophora, Canes, Screw pipe, Palms, Sundari etc. The tree trunks are supported by a number of stilt-like roots which are submerged under water.

Question 6.
Why are the Mangrove forests of the Ganga delta called ‘Sunderbans’?
Answer:
The Mangrove forests of the Ganga delta are called ‘Sundersans’ because the Sundari trees is found in these Mangrove forests.

Question 7.
Write a short note on the distribution of forests in India.
Answer:
The total forest area of India was about 7.74 lakh km². It accounted for aboue 23.6% of the total geographical area of the country. This is much below the 33.3% recommended by the National Forest Policy Resolution of 1952. Even it is below the world’s average. (29.5%)

Forests in India are not evenly distributed. Nearly 60% of the forest area of the country is in the Himalayas and peninsular hills and 20% is in the northern plains. Among the states Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under forests and Goa has the least in India.

Question 8.
Why has the area covered by forests declined in India.
Answer:
Forests play an important role in the National economy of India. Unfortunately the area under forests has been declining in recent years. The expansion of agricultural land, construction of roads and railway, irrigation projects, industrialization, urbanization, over grazing, forest fires etc are the main causes for the destruction for forests. Hence the conservation of forests for the future generation is very essential.

Question 9.
Name the important wild life Sancturies of India?
Answer:
The important WLS are as follows- Annamalai and Madumalai (Tamil Nadu) Dandeli, Bhadra, Talalaveri, B.R. Hills. (Karnataka) Periyar (Kerala), Nagarjunasagar (Telangana), Bharathpur and Rathambor (Rajasthan) Manas (Assam), Jaldapara (W.Bengal) etc.

Multiple Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Tropical Evergreen forests are found in areas of
a. With an annual rainfall of 100-200 cm
b. With an annual rainfall exceeding 250 cm
c. With an annual rainfall of 60-100 cm
d. With an annual rainfall of 10-50 cm
Answer:
b. With an annual rainfall exceeding 250 cm

Question 2.
Tropical deciduous forests in Karnataka are found in
a. Gulbarga
b. Bengalaru
c. Western Ghats
d. Mysore
Answer:
c. Western Ghats

Question 3.
The ‘Sundari’ trees are found in
a. Mountain forests of Niligiri
b. Tropical forests of Western Ghats
c. Everygreen forests of Western ghats
d. Mangove forests of deltas of rivers.
Answer:
d. Mangrove forests of deltas of rivers.

Question 4.
The prevention of destruction of forest is called
a. Soil conservation
b. Wild life conservation
c. Water conservation
d. Forests Conservation
Answer:
d. Forests Conservation

Question 5.
One of methods of conservation of forests is
a. Urbanization
b. Indian trialization
c. Cultivation
d. Reforestation
Answer:
d. Reforestation

Question 6.
The total forest area of India is about
a. 4.77 lakh km²
b. 77.4 lakh km²
c. 7.74 lakh km²
d. 74.7 lakh km²
Answer:
c. 7.74 lakh km²

Question 7.
Biligiri Ranga Hills of Karnataka has been declared as _____________
a. National Park
b. Biosphere Reserve
c. Wild Life Sanctuary
d. National Resource
Answer:
c. Wild Life Sancturary

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Soils Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
The soils that are formed from the sediments deposited is called ________________ soils.
Answer:
Alluvial

Question 2.
The Black soils are also known as ________________ and ________________ soils.
Answer:
Regur & Black Cotton Soils

Question 3.
Under® the conditions of high temperature and rainfall ________________ soils are formed in tropical areas.
Answer:
Laterite

Question 4.
Mountain soils are suitable for ________________ crops.
Answer:
Plantation

II. Answer the following after discussing them in groups.

Question 1.
Which are the major types of soils in India?
Answer:
The soils of India are classified into six types

1. Alluvial Soil
2. Black Soil
3. Red Soil
4. Laterite Soil
5. Desert Soil and
6. Mountain Soil

Question 2.
Explain the distribution of Black soil in India.
Answer:
Black soils are largely found in the Deccan basalt trap region including Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, parts of Telangana, northern part of Karnataka, parts of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. They occupy about 5.46 lakh km² in India.

Question 3.
What are the characteristics of Red soils?
Answer:
Red soils are formed from the weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks. The colour of these soils is generally red or redish brown. They are more sandy and less clayey. So they do not retain moisture.

Question 4.
What is soil erosion and soil conservation?
Answer:
Soil erosion refers to the removal of top soil by natural agents. The rivers, glaciers, winds, sea waves etc. remove the top layer of fertile soil and deplete the fertility of the soil. Soil erosion is one of the important problems in India.

Conservation of soil: Protection of soil from, erosion and preservation of fertility of the soil is called ‘soil conservation’. Several measures are adopted for conserving soil They are:

• Afforestation and reforestation
• Controlled over grazing
• Contour farming.
• Construction of check dams.
• Contour bunding
• Gully control and bench terracing.

Question 5.
Mention the main causes of soil erosion.
Answer:
The main causes of soil erosion are:
(a) deforestation
(b) overgrazing,
(c) shifting cultivation
(d) faulty methods of cultivation
(e) use of top soil for making bricks, tiles etc.

Question 6.
What are the major effects of soil erosion?
Answer:
The important effects of soil erosion are:

• Loss of soil fertility and fall in agricultural productivity
• It leads to silting and floods, change of the course of rivers, and reduction of capacity of the reservoirs.
• Ground water level is lowered and there is decrease in soil moisture
• Vegetation covers dries up and drought increase.
• Economy as a whole suffers a great set back.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is soil?
Answer:
Soil is the thin surface layer of the earth comprising of closely interlaced minerals and organic substances.

Question 2.
Explain the formation & composition of Alluvial Soil
Answer:
The soil that are composed of alluvium are called alluvial soil. They are formed from the sediments deposited by the rivers as in the Indo- Gangetic plain and by the sea waves in coastal plain.

Question 3.
Name the crops that can be cultivated on Alluvial Soil.
Answer:
Wheat, paddy, sugarcane, cotton, Jute, Potato & vegetables are grown on Alluvial soil.

Question 4.
Explain the formation of Black Soils
Answer:
This soil is also known as ‘regur’ and black cotton soil as they are best suited for cotton cultivation. They are derived from the basalt rock. So they are dark grey to black in colour, with high clay content. They are highly retentive of moisture and extremely compact.

Question 5.
Write about distribution of Red Soils in India?
Answer:
They cover a vast area of about 5.2 lakh km². These soils are spread extensively in Tamil Nadu. They are also found in Southern Karnataka, parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Kerala, Goa, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Nagaland, West Bengal etc.

Question 6.
Why is desert soil not suitable for cultivation or crops?
Answer:
Desert soils have high content of soluble salts. They are sandy and low in moisture and humus. Hence they are not suitable for the cultivation of crops.

Question 7.
Which soils are suitable for plantation crops? Why?
Answer:
Mountain soils are suitable for plantation crops. The mountain soils are mostly formed due to the decomposition of organic matter and therefore they are rich in humus and fertile.

Question 8.
Laterite soils are of limited use for agriculture? Give reasons.
Answer:
Laterite soils are formed in tropical areas under the conditions of high temperature and rainfall. Due to heavy rainfall the fertility of the soil gets bleached. Hence they are of limited use for agriculture.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The sediments deposited by the ________________ rivers form
a. Red Soil
b. Alluvial Soil
c. Laterite Soil
d. Mountain Soil
Answer:
b. Alluvial Soil

Question 2.
The fine and newer alluvium is called
a. Laterite
b. Khadar
c. Bhangar
d. Regur
Answer:
b. Khadar

Question 3.
The coarse gravel and older alluvium is called
a. Bhangar
b. Khadar
c. Regur
d. Gneiss
Answer:
a. Bhangar

Question 4.
Red soils are formed from
a. Under the conditions of high temperature and rainfall.
b. Decomposition of organic matter
c. Weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks.
d. Sediments deposited by rivers
Answer:
c. Weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks.

Question 5.
Desert soils have
a. High content of soluble salts
b. Rich in Humus
c. No Fertility
d. High retention of moisture
Answer:
a. High content of soluble salts

Question 6.
Soil erosion can be controlled by
a. Deforestation
b. Use of top soil for making bricks
c. Afforestation
d. Shifting Cultivation
Answer:
c. Afforestation

Question 7.
Soil erosion affects
a. Afforestation
b. Contour Farming
c. Reforestation
d. Agriculture
Answer:
d. Agriculture

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Climate Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
India has _________ type of climate.
Answer:
Tropical Monsoon

Question 2.
In India _________ is receives the highest rainfall.
Answer:
Mawsynram

Question 3.
In India _________ has recorded the lowest temperature.
Answer:
Dras

Question 4.
The coldest month of India is _________
Answer:
January

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following

Question 1.
Which factors influence the climate of India?
Answer:
The main factors which influence the climate of India are location, water bodies, relief features and monsoon winds.

Question 2.
Which are the important seasons of India?
Answer:
The climate of India according to the meteorological department of India can be divided into 4 seasons.

1. Winter Season (December to February)
2. The Summer Season (March to May)
3. The Rainy Season (June to Mid September)
4. The Retreating Monsoon Season (Mid September of November)

Question 3.
Explain the process of the south-west monsoons.
Answer:
The temperature rises by the end of summer season, a low pressure area is developed over central India. On the other hand there is high pressure over the Indian Ocean. Hence the moisture laden winds blow from the south-west towards India. They bring rainfall to different parts of the country. About 75% of the rainfall occurs during this season.

There are two branches of the South-West Monsoons: the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengjal branch. The Arabian Sea branch strikes the Western Ghats and causes heavy rainfall to the western side of the Western Ghats. The rainfall decreases towards the eastern slopes of the western Ghats, as it lies in the ‘rain – shadow area’.

The Bay of Bengal branch causes heavy rainfall, when it strikes against the hills of Meghalaya and Assam. The heaviest rainfall occurs at ‘Mawsynram’ in Meghalaya. The rainfall decreases towards the north-west.

Question 4.
Explain the weather condition in the summer season.
Answer:
During this season the Sun’s rays fall vertically over the Northern Hemisphere. Hence the temperature is high in India. It is hot, dry and sultry. The highest recorded temperature is 49.4°C at Ganganagar in Rajasthan. Convectional rain occurs locally in some part of the country. It is known as ‘Andhis’ in Uttar Pradesh, ‘Kalabaisakhis’ in the West Bengal. Mango showers’ in Kerala as it help the mango crop and coffee blossom in Karnataka as it is beneficial to the coffee crop. India receives only 10% of its annual rainfall during summer.

Question 5.
Mention the areas with low rainfall in India.
Answer:
Areas with low rainfall (less than 50cm): It includes Western Kutch, the Thar desert of Rajasthan and its adjoining areas like western Punjab, Haryana and Gujarat, north of Zaskar range and the rain shadow area of the Western Ghats. Ruyly in Jaisalmar of Rajasthan is receives least amount of rainfall (8.3 cm) and is the driest place in India.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Explain the weather conditions in winter season.
Answer:
During this season the rays of the Sun fall vertically over the Southern Hemisphere, India gets oblique rays of the Sun. Hence the temperature and humidity are low and the sky is clear. It is cool in the north and warm in the south. January is the coldest month. The hilly areas of Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh record the lowest temperature. The Dras near Kargil has recorded the lowest temperature (-4°C). Dew and fogs are common. There is heavy snow fall in the mountain areas. India gets only 2% of its annual rainfall during winter.

Question 2.
Which place in India has recorded the lowest temperature?
Answer:
Dras near Kargil has recorded the lowest temperature of -4°C

Question 3.
Which place in India has recorded the highest temperature?
Answer:
The highest temperature recorded in India is 49.4°C in Ganganagar, Rajasthan.

Question 4.
Which place receives the heaviest rainfall in India?
Answer:
Mawsynram in Meghalaya

Question 5.
Explain the process of retreating monsoon.
Answer:
In early October due to decrease of temperature low pressure area is gradually replaced by high pressure over the land mass. A low pressure area is developed over the Bay of Bengal. As a result the south west monsoon starts to retreat and it blows from North – East. Hence this season is also known as ‘North-East Monsoon Season’. It is a season of unsettled weather conditions. India receives only 13% of its annual rainfall during this season. The coast of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha get
rainfall during this season.

Tropical cyclones frequently occur in the Bay of Bengal during this season and cause some damage along east coast.

Question 6.
Which place in India has recorded the lowest rainfall?
Answer:
Ruyly in Jaisalmer in Rajasthan

Question 7.
Name some places which receive heavy rainfall.
Answer:
Jammu Hills, Himachal Pradesh, North Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The climate of India can be described as
a. Mediterranean Climate
b. Tropical Monsoon Climate
c. Equatorial Climate
d. Tropical Climate
Answer:
b. Tropical Monsoon Climate

Question 2.
The retreating monsoon season lasts from
a. December to February
b. March to May
c. June to Mid September
d. Mid September to November
Answer:
d. Mid September to November

Question 3.
The coldest month in India is
a. December
b. September
c. January
d. August
Answer:
c. January

Question 4.
The convectional rain in Karnataka is known as
a. Andhis
b. Kalabaisakhis
c. Mango Showers
d. Coffee blossom
Answer:
d. Coffee blossom

Question 5.
During the retreating monsoon ___________ are fragment over the Bay of Bengal
a. Harricanes
b. Tarnadoes
c. Cyclones
d. Tsunamis
Answer:
c. Cyclones

Question 6.
The convectional rain in Karnataka is known as
a. Andhis
b. Kalabaishakhis
c. Mango Showers
d. Coffee Blossom
Answer:
d. Coffee

Question 7.
During the retreating monsoon ______________ are frequent over the Bay of Bengal.
a. Hurricanes
b. Tornadoes
c. Cyclones
d. Tsunamis
Answer:
c. Cyclones

10th Class Social Science Question Answer

Indian Physiography Class 10 Questions and Answers KSEEB 10th Social Science

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

Question 1.
The Greater Himalayas are also known as _____________
Answer:
Himadri

Question 2.
The lesser Himalaya are also known as _____________
Answer:
Himachal

Question 3.
In south India _____________ is the highest peak.
Answer:
Anaimudi

Question 4.
The Eastern Ghats meet the Western Ghats in the _____________ hills.
Answer:
Niligiri

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following

Question 1.
Which are the main physiographic divisions of India?
Answer:
The main physiography divisions of India are;

• The northern mountains
• The northern great plains
• The peninsular plateau
• The central plains & islands

Question 2.
State how the Northern Great Plains were formed?
Answer:
The Northern Plains were formed by the depositional work of 3 river systems, the Sutlej, the Ganga & the Brahmaputra.

Question 3.
Write briefly about the Siwalik hills.
Answer:
The Siwalik Hills: They are the outer most ranges or foot hills located to the south of the main Himalayas. Therefore they are also known as ‘Outer. Himalaya. They are the lowest range of the Himalayas, with a height of 600 to 1500mts and width varying , from 15-150 km. They extend form Jammu and Kashmir in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east. They have flat-bottom, structured valleys, which are known as ‘Doons’. eg, Dehradoon.

Question 4.
Distinguish between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats.
Answer:
a. Eastern Ghats

• Run parallel to the East Coast of India
• Extend from Mahanadi Valley in the North towards the Nilgiri Hills in the South and meet the Western Ghats
• Lower in height than the western ghats.
• The eastern ghats hill range is not continuous

b. Western Ghats

• Run parallel to the West Coast of India
• Extend from Tapi Valley to the Kanyakumari in the South.
• Higher than the eastern ghats
• The western ghats are a continuous hill range.

Question 5.
State the importance of the Northern mountains.
Answer:
The Himalayas act as natural frontiers and prevent foreign invasion. They prevent the cold winds from central Asia. They obstruct the rain bearing winds and this causes heavy rainfall. Their slopes have thick forests and are ideal for plantation crops, eg. Tea in Assam. They are a store house of minerals and the birthplace of many rivers and water falls which are used to generate hydro-electric power.

Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write a brief note on “The Northern Mountains”
Answer:
1. The Northern Mountains
They comprise of the Himalayas which are a group of yound fold mountains. They extend as a countinous chain along the northern boundary of India. They are the highest mountains ranges in the world. They have highest peaks, deep valleys and gorges, glaciers, passes etc. In India they extend from the Indus gorge in the west to the Brahmaputra gorge in the east for 2400 kms. The width varies from 240 to 320 kms. They broader in the west and narrower in the east. They covered an area of about. 5 lakh km². Generally they have steep slopes towards India (South) and gentle slopes towards Tibet (North).

The Himalayas consists of three parallel ranges:

1. Greater Himalayas
2. Lesser Himalayas and
3. Siwalik hills.

Question 2.
Why are the Greater Himalayas called “Himadri”?
Answer:
The greater Himalayas are called “Himadri” because they are covered with snow throughout the year.

Question 3.
Name the important passes in the greater Himalayas.
Answer:
Burzil, Lozi-La & Shipkila.

Question 4.
Which is the highest peak in India?
Answer:
The highest peak in India is K2 or Mt Godwin Austin, in the Karakoram range of Greater Himalayas.

Question 5.
Name some hill stations of Greater Himalayas.
Answer:
Shimla, Raniket, Mussorie, Nainital & Darjeeling

Question 6.
What are the outer range or foot hills of Himalayas called?
Answer:
The Siwalik Hills

Question 7.
What are “Doons”. Name a famous “Doon”
Answer:
Doons are flat bottomed structured valleys of the Siwalik Hills. Dehradoon is a famous “Doon”.

Question 8.
Which is the largest alluvial soil tract in the world?
Answer:
The Northern Great Plains of India

Question 9.
The Great Northern Plains are a boon to India? Explain
Answer:
The Northern Great plain is very suitable for irrigation and agriculture as it has perennial rivers and vast fertile alluvial soil. Its level land supports a network of roads, railways and means of communication. They are useful for industrializaiton, urbanization and trade. A number of pilgrim centres are located here.

Question 10.
Write a short note on “Peninsular Plateau”
Answer:
This is the largest physical divisions of India. It is the oldest landmass. It was being a part of the Gondwanaland. It lies to the south of the Great Plains and occupies about 16 lakh km². It is roughly traingular in shape and its apex is formed by Cape Kanyakumari in the southern extremity, it is bounded by many hills and plateaus namely the Aravalli, Vindhyas, Satpuras, Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, Chotanagapur ranges, Deccan plateau, Malawa plateau etc.

Question 11.
Write a brief note on “Western Ghats”.
Answer:
The Western Ghats are a continuous range running parallel to the west coast of India from the Tapi valley to Kanyakumari. They are also known as the Sahyadri’s. They are very steep on the western side and gentle on the eastern side. Borghat, Talghat and Palghat are important passes across the Western Ghats. South of the Palghat gap the Western Ghats continue as the Anaimalai, the Palani and the Cardamom (Elaimalai) hills. ‘Anamudi ’ (2695 m) in the Anaimalai hills, is the highest peak in South India.

Question 12.
Write about the importance of “Peninsular Plateau”
Answer:
Peninsular plateau is rich in minerals, thick forests and biodiversity. It has influence on south¬west monsoons, and it is covered with black soil which is useful for agriculture. The western ghats are the birth place of many south Indian rivers, which are useful for the generation of hydroelectricity. It is also well known for hill stations such as Ooty.

Question 13.
What are the divisions of the Western Coast of India?
Answer:
(a) The Konkan Coast which lies to the south of the Gujarat plain, extends from Daman to Goa.
(b) The Karnataka coast which extends from Goa to Mangaluru and
(c) The Malabar coast, which extends from Mangaluru to Kanyakumari.

Question 14.
How are the coastal plains useful to India?
Answer:
The Coastal plains of India provide some natural harbors which help in carrying on foreign trade. They are Kandla, Mumbai, Marmagoa, Kochi, Vishakhapatnam, Kolkata etc. The coastal plain are useful for fishing, shipbuilding, agriculture and production of salt. Many beaches are found along the coast and they attract tourists. The backwaters are useful for navigation.

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The Lakshadweep Islands are formed by:
a. Sand
b. Rocks
c. Corals
d. Alluvial Soil
Answer:
c. Corals

Question 2.
India has _____________ islands.
a. 204
b. 43
c. 402
d. 247
Answer:
d. 247

Question 3.
The largest lake formed by lagoons in India is
a. Chilka
b. Pulicat
c. Kolleru
d. Manasarovar
Answer:
a. Chilka

Question 4.
The highest peak in South India is
a. Armakonda
b. Anaimudi
c. Mt.Godwin Austin
d. Guru Shikar
Answer:
b. Anaimudi

Question 5.
The apex of the triangular peninsular plateau is
a. Tapi Valley
b. Mahanadi Valley
c. Cape Kanyakumari
c. Mt.Godwin Austin
d. Niligiri
Answer:
c. Cape Kanyakumari

Question 6.
The highest peak in India is
a. Mt. Everest
b. Kanchenjunga
c. Mt.Godwin Austin
d. Nandadevi
Answer:
c. Mt.Godwin Austin

Question 7.
The western ghats are otherwise known as
a. Himadri
b. Sahyadri
c. Himachal
d. Anaimalai
Answer:
b. Sahyadri

10th Class Social Science Question Answer