Category: Class 10

10th English Gentleman of Rio en Medio Lesson Summary in English and Kannada

Gentleman of Rio en Medio Lesson Summary in English

Don Anselmo lived up in Rio en Medio, where his people had been for hundred of years. He continued the profession of his forefathers that is he tilled the land his forefathers tilled. He had a small house but his orchard was gnarled and beautiful.

Don Anselmo was passionate about his land and the children of Rio-en Medio. He has agreed to sell his house and land in New Mexico to some Americans who wanted to live there. So Don Anselmo came to the office. Then the narrator informed him that he had more land and should get more money. But Don Anselmo signed the sale deed after the negotiation for 12 hundred dollars. So the narrator offered him more money than what had been agreed upon, but Don Anselmo felt offended when he was offered more money. So’ he refused the extra money and settled for the original amount.

He told, ‘Americans are good people and that is why I have agreed to sell to them”. By saying this he took the stick and walked out with the boy behind him. Later when the American owners have taken residence in the house, they are upset by the village children who continue to run on to the land to play in the orchard. The owners tell the old man to stop the children from doing so in order that the owners might enjoy peaceful living. But the old man Don Anselmo stood up and told that the Americans are good people and good neighbours.

So he has sold his property except the trees in the orchard. He says that although the land is his, the trees belong to the people of the village, mostly his relatives for whom the trees are planted. The trees belong to the children of the village. Every person owns a tree in that orchard. He told them that for this reason he didn’t sell trees because they didn’t belong to him alone. The Americans faced with his irrefutable logic, buy the trees from their rightful owners, the descendants of Don Anselmo.

Gentleman of Rio en Medio Lesson Summary in Kannada

Gentleman of Rio en Medio Lesson About the Author

Juan A.A. Sedillo (1902-1982) was born in New Mexico. He worked as a Lawyer and held public office. He wrote about Mexico and South Western United States. The following story is based on an actual legal case. Really One’s nativity is not of his own choosing, but whatever it may be, it is entitled to respect; and all nations have honourable place in the world’s family.

Gentleman of Rio en Medio Lesson Word Meanings

• Rio en Medio : is a place in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States
• negotiation : official discussion
• wretched : unpleasant
• quaint : unusual and attractive especially in an old fashioned way
• creek : a small narrow stream or river – de&d toort
• orchard : a piece of land in which fruit trees are grown
• gnarled : (a branch of a tree) with twisted hard lumps
• Prince Alberts : long, double- breasted coat
• gazelle : type of small deer which has large beautiful eyes
• Chaplin : Charlie Chaplin (1889-1977), silent film comedian
• Janitor : Someone whose job is to look after a school or a large building
• Senator catron : Thomas Benton Catron, a senator from New Mexico, 1912-1917
• Don : Spanish title of respect much like “sir” in English
• buena gente : good people
• ragged : torn
• deed : agreement
• abode : home
• prune : to cut off some branches of a tree to make it grow better
• blossoms : flowers on the tree
• preliminary : done or said first to prepare for something
• broach : raise the topic
• ranch : a very large far
• descendants : a group of people related to family that existed long ago
• Senor : a word of respect like ‘mister’ in English
• Sobrinos and nietos : Spanish for “nieces and nephews” and “grand children”

10th English Notes

10th English A Hero Lesson Summary in English and Kannada

There’s a Girl by the Tracks Lesson Summary in English

Roma Talreja was a B.Com. graduate from Pune and had been working in the call centre for the last two years. She was a regular traveller. She caught the Electric Train an tried to settle into a corner near the door. The train hurtled ahead and she was jammed between two women. After that she lost her foothold and was thrown out of the coach.

Baleshwar Mishra was a lanky youngster from U P. He was in another train speeding in the opposite direction. He saw Roma Talreja falling onto the ground. The other passengers also notice it. “There’s a girl by the tracks” all cried out. Then Baleshwar Mishra pulled the chain and told the passengers to come with him to help the girl, but nobody volunteered because they were afraid of getting involved.

They feared getting trapped in the courts or with the police but Baleshwar jumped into action to save the girl who was really a stranger. He crossed the track and saw the girl bleeding. He prayed silently and requested the motorists to help him, but his effort was in vain. He tried to speak with her and asked, “Sister, are you Okay?” but there was no response from her.

Then without waiting for another moment, he lifted her and made his way across the tracks. He implored the motorists to help but they didn’t help him. Then came a driver of a tempo- track and offered his help. They took her in tempo-truck and a traffic policeman suggested Baleshwar to take the girl to Airoli.

Baleshwar didn’t take her there because it was 10 kilometers away and he knew another place which was closer. He took her to a small hospital and the doctor gave her the first aid and advised to take her to a nearby hospital.

When they were taking her to another hospital, on the way Roma opened her eyes and Baleshwar asked her name and took information about her relatives. She gave the cell number of her brother Dinesh. Baleshwar phoned him and informed about the accident.

Then Roma’s eyes soon lost focus and was unconscious again. At last Baleshwar took her to Div ne Multi-speciality Hospital and Resea! ch Centre. Dr. Anil Agarwal quickly admitted her to the ICU and took X-ray and put suture.

The next day. Baleshwar revisited the spot where Roma had fallen- and got information that Roma’s cell phone and her hand bag were with a railway employee. Soon Roma came to know about the timely help extended by Baleshwar. She expressed her gratitudes and was grateful to him because it was he who saved her life. Really Baleshwar Mishra is a symbol of Love and Compassion.

There’s a Girl by the Tracks Lesson Summary in Kannada

There’s a Girl by the Tracks Lesson About the Author

Deven Kanal is a writer.in English. He writes short stories in English to journals and magazines.

There’s a Girl by the Tracks Lesson Word Meanings

• suburban : of a place outside a city
• commuter : one who travels to work place daily
• swarm (v) : rush – zissuzd
• hurtle : move fast – zloeos
• tenuous : weak or shaky
• panic : feeling afraid very much
• clattering : making a loud sound
• muffled : silenced
• thud : low sound
• gasp : a deep breath taken when surprised
• emanate : come from
• impulsively: without any thinking
• frantically : with no hope
• wary: worried
• shove : push roughly
• sprint : run very fast
• sprawled : lie stretched
• gash : a deep cut
• gingerly : nervously
• implore : request
• fiance : the man that a woman is engaged to

• lanky : tall and thin
• treading water: making no progress
• lurched : moved unsteadily
• fluttered : opened slightly
• to grind out : to say something with some effort
• black out: to become Unconscious
• wrap up : close the day’s business
• outlet : a shop (here)
• hang around: wait
• suture: a stitch that is used to sew a wound together
• barely speak: not able to speak
• pactly Sedated: half awdke due to drugs

10th English Notes

10th English A Hero Lesson Summary in English and Kannada

A Hero Lesson Summary in English

One night, Swami’s father came across a news item in the newspaper. It was about the bravery of a small boy who came face to face with a tiger in a jungle. The boy had a fight with the tiger and at last he took shelter on a tree. The boy stayed there for half a day till some people came that way and killed the tiger.

Father praised the boy’s courage and wanted Swami to be a brave boy like the one who fought the tiger. He proposed that Swami should, sleep alone in the office room. Swami could not even think of it. He used to sleep beside his grandmother in the passage.

He encased himself in the blanket beside his granny. But father was firm in his decision & told him to bring his bed and asked him to follow him. The boy was not allowed to have a lamp turning in the room. Father wanted the boy to sleep in the dark because the boy should not be afraid of darkness. But he let the door be left open. The night got thick.

The silence in the house deepened. He remembered all the stories of devils and ghosts he had heard in his life. He was. faint with fear. Every moment he expected the devils to come up to carry him away. He was racked with nightmares. A tiger was chasing him.

Then a devil came and Swami hugged with all his might and bit the crawling creature. The result was a thundering cry in agony and there was a heavy tumbling and falling amidst furniture. In a moment
Father, cook, and a servant came in, carrying a light.They fell on the burglar.

His ankle was bleeding. The burglar was a notorious house breaker of the district. The police and everyone in the school and the village congratulated Swami on his heroic deed. When father came back from the club that night he found Swami lying asleep beside his granny again.

Mother did not want father to risk his life again. Swami was not asleep and he was greatly relieved to hear that his father was not disputing mother on his account.

A Hero Lesson Summary in Kannada

A Hero Lesson About the Author

A Hero Lesson Word Meanings

• sneer : speak in a very unkind way
• frightful : unpleasant
• face to face with :close to something and looking at it
• reading it through : reading it from the beginning to the end
• crossly : a little angrily
• mere skeleton : very thin
• scowl : an angry look or expression
• proposition : suggestion
• mumble : say something not clearly enough
• tenacity : determination
• cut in : interrupted at once

• gloomily : feeling in a way that things will not improve
• sternly : seriously and strictly
• tiptoed : walked quietly on the tips of his toes
• gesticulations : to make movements with hands and arms
• snore : to breathe in a noisy way
• apparition : ghost
• scorpions : small creatures of the spider family with a poisonous sting
• siesb slunk (past tense): moved somewhere quietly and secretly
• laughing stock :an object of ridicule
• chum : a good friend – (informal-especially among children
• spare : not harm someone
• encased : covered himself closely
• sinke off crouch : lower the body close to the ground
• reassure: to make someone feel calmer/to make someone less frightened
• rack : make someone suffer great mental pain
• nightmare: a frightening dream

10th English Notes

 

KSEEB 10th Standard English Text Book Questions and Answers Notes Lessons Summary

KSEEB SSLC English Lessons Summary

1. A Hero Lesson Summary
2. There’s a Girl by the Tracks Lesson Summary
3. Gentleman of Rio en Medio Lesson Summary
4. Dr BR Ambedkar Lesson Summary
5. The Concert Lesson Summary
6. The Discovery Lesson Summary
7. Colours of Silence Lesson Summary
8. Science and Hope of Survival Lesson Summary

KSEEB SSLC English Poems Summary

1. Grandma Climbs a Tree Poem Summary
2. Quality of Mercy Poem Summary
3. I am the Land Poem Summary
4. The Song of India Poem Summary
5. Jazz Poem Two Poem Summary
6. Ballad of the Tempest Poem Summary
7. The Blind Boy Poem Summary
8. Off to Outer Space Tomorrow Morning Poem Summary

KSEEB SSLC English Lessons Summary Supplementary

1. Narayanpur Incident Lesson Summary
2. On Top of the World Lesson Summary
3. A Great Martyr Ever Cherished Lesson Summary
4. The Bird of Happiness Lesson Summary

KSEEB 10th English Lessons Notes Question Answer

1. A Hero Lesson Question Answer
2. There’s a Girl by the Tracks Lesson Question Answer
3. Gentleman of Rio en Medio Lesson Question Answer
4. Dr BR Ambedkar Lesson Question Answer
5. The Concert Lesson Question Answer
6. The Discovery Lesson Question Answer
7. Colours of Silence Lesson Question Answer
8. Science and Hope of Survival Lesson Question Answer

KSEEB 10th English Poems Notes Question Answer

1. Grandma Climbs a Tree Poem Question Answer
2. Quality of Mercy Poem Question Answer
3. I am the Land Poem Question Answer
4. The Song of India Poem Question Answer
5. Jazz Poem Two Poem Question Answer
6. Ballad of the Tempest Poem Question Answer
7. The Blind Boy Poem Question Answer
8. Off to Outer Space Tomorrow Morning Poem Question Answer

KSEEB 10th English Supplementary Lessons Notes Question Answer

1. Narayanpur Incident Lesson Question Answer
2. On Top of the World Lesson Question Answer
3. A Great Martyr Ever Cherished Lesson Question Answer
4. The Bird of Happiness Lesson Question Answer

Every chapter available in the KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions subject is explained clearly in an easy way. Learn the depth concept by referring to the Chapter wise The Gift of the Magi Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary Class 10 English Karnataka State Board Solutions. Have a look at every topic and get the complete knowledge on the English subject. Just refer to Karnataka Class 10 English Chapter 3 The Gift of the Magi pdf and have a grip on the total subject.

The Gift of the Magi Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

I believe that the best book is like a best friend to know the complete world by sitting in one place. When you have the best book you have many options to get great knowledge. Selecting the best book will lead to reaching your goal. Students who are looking for the best book to learn English can use Karnataka Board Solutions for Class 10 English Chapter 3 The Gift of the Magi. Immediately start your learning with Karnataka Board Class 10 English Solutions Pdf.

Comprehension Questions

I. Answer briefly the following questions.

The Gift Of Magi Notes KSEEB Solution Question 1.
How did Della save her one dollar and eighty-seven cents?
Answer:
Della had saved the money by bargaining hard about prices with the grocer, the vegetable man, and the butcher.

The Gift Of The Magi Questions And Answers KSEEB Solution Question 2.
The writer gives details of Jim’s flat. Pick out the details.
Answer:
It was a furnished flat at $8 per week. There was nothing to describe. In the vestibule below was a letterbox into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Attached to the button was a card bearing the name “Mr. James Dillingham Young.”

KSEEB Solution For Class 10 English The Gift Of Magi Question 3.
The card bearing the full name of Jim now had only one letter ‘D’ on it. State whether the statement is true or false.
Answer:
True

The Gift Of The Magi Notes KSEEB Solution Question 4.
What were the most precious possessions of Jim and Della?
Answer:
The most precious possession of Jim was the gold watch that had been his father’s and his grandfather’s before him. Della’s possession was her long rippling, shining hair that fell down like a cascade of brown waters.

The Gift Of Magi Question Answers KSEEB Solution Question 5.
How has the writer compared Della’s hair to Queen of Sheba’s jewels?
Answer:
The writer says that had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty’s jewels and gifts.

Gift Of Magi KSEEB Solution Question 6.
How has the writer compared Jim’s watch to King Solomon’s treasures?
Answer:
The writer says that had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard with envy.

The Gift Of The Magi Questions And Answers Pdf KSEEB Solution Question 7.
Why did Della decide to sell her hair?
Answer:
Della wanted to buy a gift for Jim and she had only $1.87 which was not sufficient to buy any gift. Hence she decided to sell her hair and buy a good gift with the money she would get.

The Gift Of Magi KSEEB Solution Question 8.
How much money did she get for her hair?
Answer:
She got $20 for her hair.

The Gift Of The Magi Questions And Answers For Class 10 KSEEB Solution Question 9.
What did Della buy for Jim?
Answer:
Della bought a platinum fob chain to be used for Jim’s watch in place of the old leather strap that he used.

Gift Of Magi Questions And Answers KSEEB Solution Question 10.
How was the gift worthy of the watch?
Answer:
The platinum fob chain was simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming its value by substance alone and not by meretricious ornamentation.

The Gift Of The Magi Answers KSEEB Solution Question 11.
The writer says that the platinum chain was like Jim. How?
Answer:
Della feels that the platinum chain was like Jim. Quietness and value – the description applied to both.

The Gift Of The Magi KSEEB Question 12.
What did Della try to fix before Jim get home?
Answer:
Della tried to fix her chopped hair with curls before Jim got home.

The Gift Of The Magi Solution Question 13.
What was Jim’s reaction when he saw Della without her lovely hair?
Answer:
Jim was dumb-struck upon seeing Della. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read.

The Gift Of Magi Notes Pdf KSEEB Solution Question 14.
What was Jim’s gift for Della? Give a brief description of the gift.
Answer:
Jim’s gift for Della was a set of combs, side, and back, that Della had worshipped long in a Broadway window. They were beautiful, expensive combs, made of pure tortoise shell, with jeweled rims – just the shade to wear in the beautiful brown hair of Della.

The Gift Of Magi Lesson KSEEB Solution Question 15.
Were the gifts useful to each other?
Answer:
No, the gifts were not useful to either of them.

The Gift Of The Magi Questions KSEEB Solution Question 16.
How did Della react when she saw Jim’s gift to her?
Answer:
There was an ecstatic scream of joy when Della saw Jim’s gift to her. Then immediately, there was a quick change to hysterical tears and wails. She recalled how much she had yearned for them. She hugged them to her bosom, and at length, looked up with dim eyes and a smile and assured Jim that her hair would grow very fast.

The Gift Of The Magi Class 10 KSEEB Solution Question 17.
Jim and Della both gave up something dear to them. What does it tell us about them?
Answer:
We have been already told that Jim and Della are a loving couple. Even in their exigent condition, they desire to gift something to each other. Both keep their attempts to buy a gift a secret from each other. In order to gather the money needed to buy a gift, they sell the most precious things they possess. Though their gifts prove to be useless, they gain in love and satisfaction with each other.

Question 18.
O. Henry’s stories often blend humor and pathos. The description of the card bearing Jim’s name is an example of this. Can you identify one more example from the story?
Answer:
The mention of a pier-glass between the windows of the room is one more example of O. Henry’s humour blended with pathos. A very thin and very agile person might, by observing his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered this art.

The other example is of Della’s gift. When Jim looks at Della’s gift, he just puts his hands under the back of his head and smiles. He tells Della to put away their Christmas presents for some time, as they were too nice to use just at that time.

Question 19.
Who were the Magi?
Answer:
The Magi were the wise men who brought gifts to the newborn Jesus. According to the Bible, the magi were three kings (Casper, Melchior, and Balthazar) who traveled to Bethlehem from somewhere in the East (probably Persia).

Question 20.
What is the writer’s last word to the wise of these days?
Answer:
The writer ways that these two, Della and Jim, were the wisest of all those who give gifts. Of all who gave and received gifts, they were the wisest. They were the Magi.

II. Close Study

Read the following extracts carefully. Discuss in pairs and then write the answers to the questions given below them.

Question 1.
She got out her curling irons and lighted the gas and went to work repairing the ravages made by generosity added to love.
a) What does ‘generosity’ refer to?
Answer:
The ‘generosity’ referred to was the readiness of Della to sacrifice the one precious thing she had-her shining brown hair.

b) What repairing work was carried out?
Answer:
Her hair was being curled in order to make it look pleasant.

c) Why was the girl repairing the ravages?
Answer:
Della knew that Jim would be shocked and disappointed to see her beautiful hair chopped off. Hence she tried to ‘repair the savages’.

Question 2.
A mathematician or a wit would give you the wrong answer.
a)What is the question alluded to here?
Answer:
The question referred to here is ‘Eight dollars a week or million a year – what is the difference?’

b)What is the ‘right’ answer?
Answer:
The cost of the flat doesn’t matter as long as the people who live there love each other very much.

c) What is the implied meaning of the statement?
Answer:
In spite of their strained financial condition, Della and Jim were truly rich because they had a lot of love for each other and were ready to sacrifice their most prized possessions for each other.

III. Paragraph Writing:

Discuss in groups of 4 each the answers to the following questions. Individually note down the important points for each question and then develop the points into one paragraph answers.

Question 1.
Why are the gifts of Della and Jim compared to those of the Magi?
Answers:

1. The Magi brought gifts on their own, out of love for their lord.
2. They brought wonderful gifts, which could possibly be exchanged in case of duplication.
3. Della and Jim too brought gifts for each other, sacrificing their own precious possessions in the process.
4. Their gifts are greater than those of the Magi because they cannot be exchanged.

Paragraph: The gifts of Della and Jim are compared to those of the Magi. The Magi were the three wise men who brought gifts to the newborn Jesus. Casper, Melchior, and Balthazar traveled from Persia to Bethlehem at great risk to themselves to give their gifts to the newborn. This showed their love and reverence for the newborn.

Likewise, Jim and Della took risks when they sold the most precious possessions they had in order to show their love for each other. In fact, the writer describes them as the wisest of all those who give and receive gifts as they gave up the only priced possessions they had. They are fit to be described as the Magi.

Question 2.
Write on the appropriateness of the title.
Answers:

1. The gift of the Magi was an offering to the Lord.
2. It was given out of love and affection.
3. The writer points out that the couple is greater than the Magi because their gifts cannot be exchanged unlike those of the Magi.

Paragraph: The writer gives the title to suggest that the story is one of love and affection. The writer points out that the gifts of even ordinary people like Della and Jim can be greater than those of the Magi who were kings and had a lot of wealth. Finally, when they are not able to collect enough money for the gifts, both of them sell the most precious things they had with them – Jim sells his gold watch which belonged to his father and grandfather before him. Della sells her long, beautiful, rippling hair.

The most important point is that, unlike the gifts of the Magi which could be exchanged in case of duplication, the gifts of Della and Jim cannot be exchanged at all. It would be a long time before they used their gifts.

Question 3. Imagine that you were Della and write on the conflict you went through before you sacrificed your hair.
Answers:

1. I desperately wanted to give a gift to Jim for Christmas.
2.  I had very little money, Jim doesn’t earn much, and I try very hard to save whatever little I can by bargaining with all the sellers I have to deal with.
3. I always knew that my long, beautiful hair was something even Jim was proud of.
4. When I looked at myself in the mirror, I realized I could earn a little money by selling my hair. Anyway, the hair would grow back.
5. When I finally got ready to step out of the house to sell my hair, I had second thoughts. I did not want to lose something so beautiful. But I had to do it. There was no other way to get money. And I had to present a gift to Jim for Christmas.

IV. Vocabulary Exercises:

A. Fill in the blanks with the phrases given in the box below.

(beggar description, at last, made for;,’’ turn inside out, on the sly, on account of, give way, look for, be on the lookout for, to attend to)

1. Della’s despair _________ to ecstatic joy.
2. The takeoff was delayed __________ the bad weather.
3. We are _________ new opportunities.
4. Her conduct is so strange that it ____________.
5. I have some urgent work ____________.
6. ___________ we reached home.
7. The burglar had _________ the house __________.
8. Della and Jim were _________ each other.
9. The two of them must have been ‘meeting _________.
10. We __________ an improvement in our son’s performance this year.

Answers:

1. gave way
2. on account of
3. on the lookout for
4. beggars description
5. to attend to
6. At last
7. turned, inside out
8. made for
9. on the sly
10. are looking for.

B. Fill in the blanks with the antonyms of the words underlined.

1. The iron rails __________ in summer and contract in winter.
2. Writing a novel is a laborious process: it is not ___________ .
3. We should remain calm in ___________ as we do in times of prosperity.
4. He is very proud of his team’s achievements but is very __________ about his own glorious achievements.
5. The former option would be much more sensible than the ____________ one.
6. In Bengaluru, the value of properties has appreciated but the quality of life has ___________.
7. Investing in shares requires prudence: investing all your money in shares is ___________.

Answers:

1. expand
2. simple
3. adversity
4. modest
5. latter
6. depreciated
7. foolishness

V. Language Activities:

A. Dialogue writing: Pair work

Question 1. Write an imaginary conversation between Della and Jim after they presented gifts to each other. You may begin your conversation like this;
Answer:

• Della: Why are you looking so dull?
• Jim: No, dear. I’m not.
• Della: I told you, my hair will grow fast…
• Jim: You know that I find you beautiful
  whether your hair is long or short.
• Della: Then why did you become silent on seeing me?
• Jim: Open that present. You will understand why.
• Della: Oh, what wonderful combs!
  How much I had wanted them!
• Jim: But Della dear, will you be able to wear. them? Your hair has been cut.
• Della: So it is. But that doesn’t matter. It’s hair after all. It’ll grow back soon. I will be able to wear these wonderful combs someday. Jim, never mind these. Look at what I have got for you!
• Jim: A platinum fob chin! Oh, Dell!
• Della: Isn’t it a dandy, Jim? I hunted all over town to find it. You’ll have to look at the tiine a hundred times a day now.
• Jim: Well, let’s put our Christmas presents away and keep them awhile. They’re too nice to use just at present. „
• Della: Why do you say so, Jim? Give me your watch. I want to see how this chain looks on it.
• Jim: I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. See? Neither of us can use our gifts. Now, you put the chops on. Let’s eat and sleep.

B. Reporting:
Read the following dialogue between Della and Jim carefully and rewrite it in the reported speech.

“Jim darling,” cried Della, don’t look at me that way. I had my hair cut off and sold it. It’ll grow out again. You won’t mind, will you? I just had to do it.”
“You have cut off your hair?” asked Jim laboriously.
“Cut it off and sold it,” said Della. Don’t you like me as well, anyhow? I’m me without my hair, ain’t I?
“You say your hair is gone?” he said, with an air almost of idiocy.
“You needn’t look for it,” said Della. “It’s sold, I tell you sold and gone, too. It’s Christmas Eve, a boy. Be good to me, for it went for you. Shall I put the chops on, Jim?”
Answer:
When Jim stood to look at her, Della affectionately asked Jim not to look at her that way. She informed him that she had had her hair cut off and sold it. She assured him that it would grow out again. She asked him not to mind her cutting the hair because she had to do it.

In spite of all her explanations, Jim again asked her, with difficulty, whether she had cut off her hair. Della repeated that she had cut her hair off and sold it. She asked whether he didn’t like her in spite of it. She asserted that she was the same Della even without her hair. Jim, with an air almost of idiocy, asked again whether her hair was gone. Della said with emphasis that her hair was truly sold and gone. She asked him not to look for it. She pleaded him to be good to her because it was Christmas Eve. She pointed out that her hair was gone for his sake. Then she enquired whether she should put the chops on.

C. Reporting: Oral (pair work)

Question 2.
Imagine you went for an interview where they asked you the following questions. Tell your partner what questions were asked using indirect speech.

1. What is your name?
2. How old are you?
3. Where do you live?
4. Have you passed the 10th standard?
5. Do you know cycling?
6. Why do you want to work?
7. Why don’t you continue your studies?
8. What games do you play?
9. How much salary do you expect?
10. Are you ready to work for a few extra hours if you are asked to?

Answers:

• Ramesh: Hi Radha! How did the interview go in the morning?
• Radha: Hi Ramesh! The interview was good.
• Ramesh: What questions did they ask?
• Radha: They asked me many questions, but all of them were simple.
• Ramesh: Can you tell’ me those questions? –
• Radha: Sure. First, they asked me my name. Next, they asked me about my age and where I lived. They asked whether I had passed 10th standard and whether I knew cycling. They wanted to know why I desired to work and not continue my studies. They also asked what games I played and how much salary I expected. Finally, they asked whether I was ready to work for a few extra hours if they wanted me to.

D. In the following set of sentences, the sequencing of events has been jumbled up. Rearrange them and complete the given flowchart.

1. She listens to other people and changes her mind if it is necessary.
2. My father, on the other hand, is very stubborn.
3. My mother is open-minded; she doesn’t stick to one idea.
4. I think they have only one personality trait in common.
5. They are both very giving to my sister and me.
6. If he has an opinion, he refuses to change it.

Answers:

1. My mother is open-minded; she doesn’t stick to one idea.
2. She listens to other people and changes her mind if it is necessary.
3. My father, on the other hand, is very stubborn.
4. If he has an opinion, he refuses to change it.
5. I think they have only one personality trait in common.
6. They are both very giving to my sister and me.

E. Read the first paragraph of the story carefully. It has seven sentences. The first three sentences are very short (the first sentence has five words, the second, three the third eight words). They are followed by quite a long sentence (34 words) and the next three sentences are again very short.
Such a mixture is a matter of style. It adds variety to the narration.

Question 1.
Can you pick up one more such example from the story?
Answer:
It was like him. Quietness and value – the description applied to both. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and she hurried home with the 87 cents. OR Twenty dollars a week doesn’t go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him.

Question 2.
Can you try writing a paragraph on one of the following using a similar style?
a) Love
b) Friendship
c) Sacrifice
Answer:
(a) Love. Love, the most desired experience in the world! Also, the most incomprehensible thing in the world! I want to be loved, but do I understand it when I am shown, love? Not at all. I am searching for love everywhere except where it has always been. Perhaps I am only in love with love, and cannot be in love with any person.

F. Letter writing
Imagine that you are a Social Service volunteer and have been camping in a village for ten days. Write a letter about your experience with the Editor of a daily.
Answer:

12th April 2015

Umesh N.
No. 18, Hanumanthnagar
5th Cross, Chamarajapet
Bangalore.

The Editor,
Indian Express
M.G. Road,
Bangalore.

Dear Sir/Madam,
I want to share with readers of your newspaper an interesting experience I had in a small village Ramapura, recently at the ten days Social Service Camp.

I had been to as a volunteer, for the benefit of your readers. The camping site had been chosen to keep in mind the needs of the local people. Recently, a communal riot had disturbed the peace of the residents. As a result, there appeared to be a lot of misunderstanding between the Hindus and the Muslims who had lived for ages as one community. It was heartbreaking to see them harm each other and destroy each other’s houses and property.

Under this critical situation, it was edifying to see the social workers building their houses, taking care of the elderly and the very young and some women who had been left scared and homeless. I was in¬charge of documenting the problems of the people for redressal. Through my work, I learned to appreciate my own blessings and to value communal harmony.

Having spent time at the camp, I have made up my mind never to be a part of a communal riot, but the value and promote peace and harmony.

Thank you,
Yours faithfully,
N. Umesh.

VI. Speaking

B. Look carefully at the following series of pictures. They tell us a story. In pairs, narrate the story to each other.

a. The moral of the story.
Answer:
Co-operation works better than the competition during problematic times.

b. A title or a caption for the story.
Answer:
“Together We Win.”

VII. Grammer Revisited

A. Subject-verb agreement (Refer to appendix II before doing this exercise)
Fill in the blanks with suitable forms of verbs

1. The number of visitors (was/were) really large in the last week’s School Day celebrations.
2. The rapidity of these movements (is/are) beyond expectation.
3. Time and tide (wait/waits) for none.
4. Honor or reputation (are/is) dearer than life.
5. The ship with all the passenger (were/was) sunk by the enemy.
6. Intelligence as well as industry (are/is) essential for success in today’s competitive world.-
7. Neither the hens nor the cock (is/are) in the yard.
8. Either James or I (is/am) going to get the prize.
9. Twenty thousand rupees (is/are) the price of a good mobile.
10. The staff (is/are) in a meeting.
11. Mathematics (is/are) my favorite subject.
12. More than one person(say/says) so.
13. Many a flower (wither/Withers) unseen.
14. The most readable part (are/is) the last three chapters.
15. Ship after ship (are/is) leaving for America.
16. The secretary and treasurer (have/has) called, me to the office.
17. He is one of those who (trusts/I trust) everyone.
18. Each of the boys (sing/sings)well
19. Every one of the chocolates (was/were) stale.
20. All of the pies
21. Some of the pie (is/are) missing.
22. None of the garbage (was/were)picked up.
23. Either of us (is/are) capable of solving the problem
24. None but fools (has/have) ever believed it.
25. One of the students (is/are) absent.
26. Not only the soldiers but also the officer (were/was) drunk.
27. The politician along with the newsman, (is/are) expected shortly.
28. The pair of scissors J (belong/belongs) to my uncle.
29. A lot of work (has/have) to be done.
30. I wish I (knew/know) her address.

Answers:

1. was
2. was
3. waits
4. is
5. was
6. is
7. is
8. am
9. is
10. are
11. is
12. says
13. withers
14. are
15. is
16. has
17. trust
18. sings
19. was
20. are
21. is
22. was
23. is
24. have
25. is
26. was
27. is
28. belongs
29. has
30. knew

B. Inversion:
Some phrase openings require the inversion of subject and verb Eg. At no time have I seen him so upset Make sentences using the following phrase opening. All of them require inversion.

Question 1.
Not only _____ but _____
Answer:
Not only does she sing but also dance well.

Question 2.
Not even once ______
Answer:
Not even once has the teacher come late to class.

Question 3.
On no account ______
Answer:
On no account should you go out of the house.

Question 4.
Only by running at full speed ______
Answer:
Only by running at full speed will you be able to catch the moving bus.

Question 5.
On no occasion ______
Answer:
On no occasion have I seen my uncle. dressed in untidy clothes.

Question 6.
So badly _______
Answer:
So badly did I need water that I did not hesitate to ask the stranger.

Question 7.
Seldom ________
Answer:
Seldom does a lie succeed in solving the problem;

Question 8.
In no circumstances ______
Answer:
In no circumstances should you take money belonging to the organization?

Question 9.
Nowhere _______
Answer:
Nowhere could we find a suitable replacement for the car tire.

Question 10.
To such a pitch ______
Answer:
To such a pitch did the children’s voices rise that the principal was forced to come out and silence them.

Question 11.
Only on that account _______
Answer:
Only on that account did I go leaving you behind.

Question 12.
Only by paying double the money _______
Answer:
Only by paying double use money could I manage to get petrol on the day of the bundh.

C. Add suitable tags to the following statements.

Question 1.
You like me just as well,?
Answer:
don’t you?

Question 2.
Let’s be happy on this Christmas Eve?
Answer:
shall we?

Question 3.
Do you like this gift,?
Answer:
don’t you?

Question 4.
None can ever count my love for you,?
Answer:
can they?

Question 5.
It’s dandy,?
Answer:
isn’t it?

Question 6.
Give it to me quick,?
Answer:
will you?

Question 7.
Come in,?
Answer:
won’t you?

Question 8.
Their gifts, were no doubts wise ones,?
Answer:
weren’t they?

Question 9.
Did they love each other very much?
Answer:
didn’t they?

Question 10.
I look like a Coney island chorus girl?
Answer:
don’t I?

VIII. Language For Fun

A. What is a palindrome?
It’s a word, sentence or paragraph that reads the same backward as well as forwards.
Ex. POP, LEVEL, DEED, REFER.
Our first parents in the Garden of Eden must have introduced themselves in palindromic fashion.
“Madam, I’m Adam” “Eve”. How fast can you recall at least ten palindromic words? i
Answer:
sees, ere, tot, wow, bob, peep, civic, pop, deed, noon.

B. The following boxes conceal meaningful phrases. Use your imagination and decipher them.
Answer:
The Answer for the Box is: “Half an hour.”

 The Gift of the Magi Summary in English

The Gift of the Magi is a story about a poor but devoted couple Jim and Della who sacrificed their best treasures to purchase Christmas gifts for each other.

She had intended to give a surprise present to’ her husband on the eve of Christmas.

She had saved one dollar and eighty- seven cents after hard bargaining with the grocer, vegetable man, and the butcher.

She had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.

She wanted to buy something nice for him but she couldn’t.

Now there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Young in which both took a mighty pride.

One way Jim’s gold watch that had been his father’s and his grandfather’s.

The other was Della’s long, beautiful hair, the hair below her knee. She sold her hair for twenty dollars.

She bought a platinum fob chain, simple and chaste in design for 21 dollars.

She hurried home With 87 Cents. With that chain on his watch, Jim might be properly anxious about the time in any company.

Jim came home, “Merry Christmas! Jim. Let’s be happy. You don’t know what a nice gift I have got for you ……”.T have my hair cut and sold it because I couldn’t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present” said Della.

Jim presented her beautiful combs, pure tortoise shell with Jewelled rims.

She hugged them to her bosom. Della presented him with a golden chain for his watch.

The Gift of the Magi Summary in Kannada

Hope all the information given regarding Karnataka Class 10 English Chapter 3 The Gift of the Magi will help you to get good knowledge. For any queries, you can contact us and clear your doubts. Connect with us using the comment section. Also, we love your feedback and review. Get your Chapter Wise Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 10 Textbook Solutions for English PDF start learning for the exam.

Every chapter available in the KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions subject is explained clearly in an easy way. Learn the depth concept by referring to the Chapter wise Buttoo Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary Class 10 English Karnataka State Board Solutions. Have a look at every topic and get the complete knowledge on the English subject. Just refer to Karnataka Class 10 English Poem Chapter 9 Buttoo pdf and have a grip on the total subject.

Buttoo Poem Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

I believe that the best book is like a best friend to know the complete world by sitting in one place. When you have the best book you have many options to get great knowledge. Selecting the best book will lead to reaching your goal. Students who are looking for the best book to learn English can use Karnataka Board Solutions for Class 10 English Chapter 9 Buttoo. Immediately start your learning with Karnataka Board Class 10 English Solutions Pdf.

Comprehension Questions:

I. Answer the following questions briefly.

Buttoo Poem Summary KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 1.
Why had Buttoo gone to Dronacharya?
Answer:
Buttoo had gone to Dronacharya to learn the science of archery.

Butto Notes KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 2.
How did Drona respond to Buttoo’s request?
Answer:
Buttoo was neither from a royal family nor rich. Hence he was rejected and driven away.

Buttoo Poem Questions And Answers KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 3.
“I came here to learn ‘thy science’, says Buttoo? What does ‘thy science’ refer to?
Answer:
Dronachaiya’s science refers to his expertise in archery.

Buttoo KSEEB Class 10 Question 4.
Why did Buttoo revere Drona as his master?
Answer:
Buttoo revered Drona as his master because Drona was the best in archery, and Buttoo got his inspiration and knowledge from him.

Butto Poem Summary KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 5.
Buttoo says “All that I have, all I shall conquer by my skill, gladly shall I to thee resign”. This shows Buttoo’s
a. reverence to Drona
b. generosity
c. gratitude
d. foolishness
Answer:
(a) reverence to Drona.

Buttoo Poem Notes KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 6.
“Rash promises ever ends in strife.” By saying this Drona is
a) warning Buttoo of unpleasant consequences
b) offering Buttoo a chance to change his stance
c) hinting that his demand for recompense could be damaging or destructive to Buttoo
d) regretting the rash promise he had made to Aijuna
Answer:
Both (c) and (d).

Butto Poem KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 7.
What did Drona seek from Buttoo as recompense?
Answer:
Drona asked for Buttoo’s right-hand thumb as recompense.

Butto Poem Summary In English KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 8.
What justification did Drona give for his unfair demand?
Answer:
He says that he had promised Arjuna that he shall make Arjuna the best archer ever, and there shall be no equal to Arjuna at Archery.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 10 English Buttoo  Question 9.
“Buttoo”, a small extract from a very long poem is composed in an Epic form. It makes use of archaic words like “unto”, “thee” (line 1). Pick out the other archaic words from this extract.
Answer:
‘thy’, ‘lo\ ‘thou’, ‘hast’, ‘wilt’, ‘canst’, ‘aught’.

Butto Poem Notes KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 10.
The poem makes use of the dialogue form. The two speakers in the poem are Drona and Buttoo. Identify the lines/passages spoken by each of the two.
Answer:
Drona: “It I’m Master ……… between us new,”
“It is a promise ?”
“Beware! Rash promise ever ends in strife.”
“If it is so – Arjuna hear !”
“For thy sake ………. for thee.”
“For this ……….. Modesty.”
Buttoo: “Oh Master, unto thee ………. from thee.”
“All that I have ………. they gracious will.”
“Yes. I swear ………… thou wilt.”
“Thou art my Master …………. from blame.”

II. Close Study

Read the following extracts carefully. Discuss in pairs and then write the answers to the questions given below them:

Question 1.
“I press for this sad recompense”, says Drona.
a) What does ‘sad recompense’ refer to?
Answer:
‘Sad recompense” refers to the compensation or the fee that Dronachaiya is asking from Buttoo for having learnt archeiy indirectly from him.

b) What does it tell us about Drona?
Answer:
It tells us that Drona is a very shrewd person, and also a person of his word. He has promised Aijuna that he will make Aijuna the best archer in the world. Now Drona realizes that Buttoo might prove to be better than Aijuna, and so to keep his promise to Aijuna, Drona asks for the gift from Buttoo.

c) If it was ‘sad recompense’, why did Drona demand it?
Answer:
Drona knows that what he is asking for is something veiy cruel. By asking for Buttoo’s right thumb, Drona is ensuring that Buttoo will never be able to use the bow and arrow in his lifetime. Drona is aware that Buttoo worships him as his teacher and is ready to give up even his life for his sake. Yet he takes advantage of this reverence and favours his royal protege, Aijuna. It is ‘sad’ because Drona has actually not done anything to make Buttoo an expert archer.

Question 2.
“The severed thumb was on the sod There was no tear in Buttoo’s eye.”
a) Why was the thumb severed?
Answer:
Drona asks for the right-hand thumb as a compensation for his teaching in absence. In reality, Drona wanted to ensure that there was no rival to Aijuna in archery.

b) Why was there no tear in Buttoo’s eye?
Answer:
Buttoo understands his teacher’s dilemma when Drona announces that he is doing this for Arjuna’s sake, and to keep his own promise to Aijuna. Hence Buttoo doesn’t regret cutting his thumb.

c) What does it tell you about Buttoo?
Answer:
Buttoo is truly more ‘royal’ in sensibility and nobler than the other students of Drona. He had once been rejected by Drona for not being from a royal family, and for being poor. But after his family, and for being poor. But after this incident,
Buttoo appears richer and greater than any other person there, even his master.

III. Paragraph Writing

Question 1.
Discuss, in pairs, the great qualities of Buttoo and write down any five.
Answer:
Buttoo was low in caste but still aspired to be a great archer. He was also very dedicated to pursue knowledge.

Though he was rejected knowledge by Drona, he still worshipped Drona as a teacher and perfected the science of archeiy by himself. Buttoo was never vain, despite his talent; he was humble and acknowledged Drona as his inspiration.

Butto was not only physically * strong but also emotionally strong. Even unfairly losing his vital thumb, knowing that he would never be a great archef, he still didn’t get angry or reject Drona, he left the matter to God. He was at peace with nature and God.

Drona also saw Butto as a role model for ‘self-help, truth and . modesty’. Conclusively we can say ‘dedication, loyalty, humility, truthfulness, selflessness, sacrificing nature, brilliance in his art, intelligence, etc. are the great qualities of Butto.

Question 2.
Discuss the following in groups of 4 each and write in a paragraph. Was Drona unfair in his demand?
Answer:
Drona was the teacher of the Pandava and Kaurava Princes. He lived under their patronage, and was responsible for making the princes the best in the land of their chosen areas of warfare.

Thus, when Buttoo approached him for help in learning the art of archery, Drona rejected him and sent him away. Probably he had realized that Buttoo was not an ordinary hunter’s boy. Yet he was loyal to the royal family and declined to teach Buttoo.

Buttoo, on his part, should have understood the sentiments of Drona and stayed away from archery. But he did not do so. He created an image of Drona and learnt archeiy in front to it.

When Drona realized that Butto had turned out to be a greater archer than Arjuna, he foresaw the threat to the princes.

When Buttoo also confessed that he had learnt it secretively from Drona’s image, Drona got his opportunity.

Very shrewdly, and rather ruthlessly, he asked for the gift of his right-hand thumb from Buttoo, and eliminated all competition to his richer and more powerful students. He cannot be said to be unfair in his demand, though he was rather heartless.

Buttoo Poem Summary in English

Guru Dronacharya and buttoo (Ekalavya) is a famous story of Mahabharata era. Drona was very legendry and illustrious teacher. He taught only for princes and they become masters of all the arts which related to the warfare.

When Buttoo requested Drona to teach archery, Drona refused to teach as it was restricted to the royal princes. So Butto embarks upon an idea of self study. He installed the clay statue of Drona and able to gain the level of skill equivalent to that of Arjuna.

Once Butto was very much disturbed by barking dog. Furious Butto filled the mouth of the dog with seven arrows in fast succession. By seeing his talent Drona recalled Aijuna’s claim that he would allow no other pupil to be the equivalent of Arjuna.

As a matter of promise, Drona asked him to give his right thumb, Buttoo, however, cheerfully and without any hesitation severed his right thumb and offered it to Drona. And took an oath of not to shoot hereafter. Drona accepted his Gurudakshina. Drona purposely asked his right-thumb so that Buttoo has to loose his ability to pursue archery. This poem personifies the noblest human qualities of Buttoo towards his master Dronacharya.

Buttoo Poem Summary in Kannada

Hope all the information given regarding Karnataka Class 10 English Chapter 9 Buttoo will help you to get good knowledge. For any queries, you can contact us and clear your doubts. Connect with us using the comment section. Also, we love your feedback and review. Get your Chapter Wise Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 10 Textbook Solutions for English PDF start learning for the exam.

Every chapter available in the KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions subject is explained clearly in an easy way. Learn the depth concept by referring to the Chapter wise C.L.M. Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary Class 10 English Karnataka State Board Solutions. Have a look at every topic and get the complete knowledge on the English subject. Just refer to Karnataka Class 10 English Poem Chapter 10 C.L.M. pdf and have a grip on the total subject.

C.L.M. Poem Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

I believe that the best book is like a best friend to know the complete world by sitting in one place. When you have the best book you have many options to get great knowledge. Selecting the best book will lead to reaching your goal. Students who are looking for the best book to learn English can use Karnataka Board Solutions for Class 10 English Chapter 10 C.L.M.. Immediately start your learning with Karnataka Board Class 10 English Solutions Pdf.

Comprehension Questions

I. Answer the following questions briefly:

C.L.M. Notes KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 1.
The second Line “My mother’s life made me a man”
a. Just states a natural phenomenon of a mother giving birth to a son
b. has a hint that he was born at the cost of his mother’s life
Answer:
(b) has a hint that he was born at the cost of his mother’s life.

C.L.M. Poem Summary KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 2.
The phrase “Her beauty” in line 4 refers to
a. The physical beauty of his mother
b. The ‘beauty’ of his mother’s physical and emotional trauma at the birth of the child
Answer:
(b) The ‘beauty’ of his mother’s physical and emotional trauma at the birth of the child.

C.L.M. Poem Notes KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 3.
Why does the poet use the present tense in lines 5 and 6?
a. to emphasize that his very existence now is made possible by the death of ‘some of her’
b. to emphasize that every movement of his in his mother’s womb destroyed a part of her life
c. to show that his very birth and life are responsible for his mother’s partial death
Answer:
(a) to emphasize that every movement of his in his mother’s womb destroyed a part of her life.

C.L.M. KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 4.
What does ‘it’ in line 10 refer to?
Answer:
‘It’ refers to the life the mother gave to the boy.

C.L.M Poem Questions And Answers KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 5.
“Her beauty” in line 12 refers to
a. his mother’s physical beauty
b. her son, the poet
Answer:
(b) her son, the poet.

C.L.M. Poem KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 6.
“dusty in the mind” in line 12 refers to
a. the fading memory of his mother in his mind
b. the state of his dead mother’s mind which has forgotten the dear ones left behind
Answer:
(a) the fading memory of his mother in his mind.

C.L.M. Summary KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 7.
“I am so grown” in line 15 means
a. that he has grown so much physically that she would not be able to recognize him
b. that he has grown so unworthy of all her sacrifice that she would not be able to recognize him
c. both a and b
Answer:
(c) both (a) and (b).

C.L.M Poem Summary KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 8.
Which line in stanza 3 suggests that the poet is totally unworthy or ungrateful?
Answer:
‘She would not know her little son, I am so grown.’

C L M Notes KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 9.
Which phrase in stanza 4 suggests that his concern goes beyond his personal experience?
Answer:
‘What have I done to keep in mind my debt to her and womankind ?’

C.L.M. Poem Is The Remembrance Of Poets KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 10.
“Providing a happier life to one’s mother will repay for all her sacrifice.” Is this what the poet says in lines 21 and 22 ?
Answer:
The poet says this and also something more. He means that a person should repay his mother not just by making her life better, but by making other women’s lives also better.

C.L.M. Poem Questions And Answers KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 11.
Stanza 4 has some very powerful and forceful images.
a) What is compared to a – leech?
Answer:
The baby inside the mother’s womb…

b) How is it a leech?
Answer:
It sucks on the life of the mother.

c) What is unusual about the use of the word ‘leech’d’?
Answer:
The word ‘leech’d is used for a parasite-like creature which feeds on the other and destroys it. Usually, babies who are entirely dependent on their mothers are referred to as leeches. But here the poet feels his mother has suffered a lot with every baby she carried, and hence he has been like a leech when he was in her womb.

d) Why is B in ‘Birth’ capitalized? (line 24)
Answer:
Birth is a very significant moment in the life of a baby or an individual because it signifies the separation of the baby from the mother and the need for the baby to- fend for itself to a certain extent. It has come out of a warm, protective cave into a cold, harsh world.

e) For whom is birth a hell
a. for the mother (for all her pain and suffering during the birth of her child)
b. for the son (who feels that it was because of his birth that his mother died, though partially)
c. for both
Answer:
(c) for both.

C.L.M. Questions And Answers KSEEB Solutions Class 10 Question 12.
Note that lines 19 to 26 introduce a series of rhetorical questions. (A rhetorical question is asked for effect rather than to obtain an answer. The answer is very much implied in the question itself.) Lines 19-20 are a good example of a rhetorical question. The meaning of the two lines is,” I have done nothing worth remembering to show my debt to my mother and womankind.”
a) Identify 2 more examples of rhetorical questions.
Answer:
Lines 21-22: “What woman’s happier life repays/Her for those months of wretched days?”
Lines 25-26: “What have I done, or tried or said / in thanks to that dear woman dead?”

b) Write down the actual meaning of each of them.
Answer:
Lines 21-22: “I have not repaid my mother for those months of wretched days by making a woman’s life. happier.”
Lines 25-26: “I have not done or tried or said anything to express my thanks to that dear dead woman.”

Question 13.
“man’s lust” in line 29 refers to
a. man’s beastly sexuality
b. man’s lust for power over women
c. both a and b
Answer:
(c) both (a) and (b).

Question 14.
The poet has used many poetical devices in the last line in order to draw the reader’s attention to it.
a) What typographical deviation is used in the last line? Ans: (c) both (a) and (b).
Answer:
It is a single exclamatory sentence, unlike the rest that are in stanzas and is written as observations and rhetorical questions.

b) Why, do you think, has he used this deviation?
Answer:
He has used that form as an answer to all those questions and feelings he has outlined in the stanzas.

c) What figure of speech is used in this line?
Answer:
A hyperbole. It’s an exaggerated statement highlighting the shame the poet is experiencing. Surely, a grave will not open and his mother will not come to life to put him to shame.

d) Why does the poet want the grave to keep shut?
Answer:
If his mother were to see him now, or women were to see mankind now, she/they would be ashamed.

e) How does the line end?
Answer:
The line ends with a regretful plea that the grave should remain shut.

Question 15.
The most dominant feeling of the poet in this poem is:
a. a feeling of guilt
b. a sense of ingratitude
c. a sense of shame
Answer:
(c) a feeling of shame.

Question 16.
Look at the rhyme scheme of the first stanza. The word ‘began’ rhymes with ‘man’. The rhyme scheme is aa. ‘Birth’ in line 3 rhymes with ‘earth’ in line 4. The rhyme scheme is bb. ’stir’ in line 5 rhymes with ‘her’ in line 6. The rhyme scheme is cc. So, the rhyme scher of the first stanza is aa, bb, cc.
Now work out the rhyme scheme of the remaining 4 stanzas. Start with lines 7 and 8 as dd…
Answer:
1st Stanza : aa bb cc
2nd Stanza : dd ee ff
3rd Stanza : gg hh ii
4th Stanza : jj kk ll
5th Stanza : mm nn oo

II. Close Study:

Read the following extracts carefully. Discuss in pairs and then answer the
questions given below them.

Question 1.
For all her love, she cannot tell Whether I use it ill or well.
a) Who do ‘I’ and ‘she’ refer to?
Answer:
T refers to the son, i.e., the poet, and ‘she’ refers to the mother.

b) What does ‘it’ in the second line refer to?
Answer:
‘It’ refers to the life that the mother has given the son.

c) Why is it that she cannot tell?
Answer:
She is dead and cannot see whether he lives well or net.

Question 2.
…………….. If we should meet, She would pass by me in the street Unless my soul’s face let her see My sense of what she did to me.
a) Would it be possible for the mother and son to meet each other?
Answer:
No, since the mother is dead the son is still alive.

b) What is my figure of speech used in the expression ‘soul’s face’?
Answer:
Personification.

c) His soul would reveal
a. his sense of gratitude to his mother
b. his sense of ingratitude to his mother
Answer:
(b) his sense of ingratitude to his mother.

III. Paragraph Writing:

Discuss in pairs/groups of four each the answers to the following questions. Note down the important points!’ for each question and then develop the points into one-paragraph, answers.

Question 1.
The poem describes the poet’s personal experience. Does it stop at that?
Answer:

1. It starts with how the mother gave her beauty to the child and lost a little with every birth.
2. She is dead, and the poet feels guilty that he has not used her gift properly.
3. When he thinks about how he has helped to make any woman’s life better, he realizes that he has not done anything at all.
4. Women all over the world are still exploited, tormented and oppressed by men.

Answer:
The poet doesn’t stop at his personal experience. There is a strong opinion about women’s right that is communicated in the poem. A woman’s role as a mother, a woman who is made powerless by a man, a woman who has to fight for every right and men who force her into those situations and worse should be ashamed.

Question 2.
Do you like the poem? Why?
Answer:

1. The poet talks about a common event in a very unusual manner.
2. Everyone feels indebted to the mother for their birth, but the poet’s intensity of feelings makes it a very poignant experience.
3. the poet’s perception of the mother’s sacrifice in giving birth to children is uncommon.
4. In return for the mother’s sacrifice, the poet wants to make another woman’s life better. This is a wonderful thought.

IV. Activities.

1. Pair work.
a) Cite any 3 examples (from your family or the society you live in) of discrimination against women.
Answer:

1. Women are not allowed to dress as they want to.
2. They are not allowed to come home late.
3. In places of work, they are not given higher responsibilities or posts.

b) Cite any 3 examples of men trampling women’s rights.
Answer:

1. When the woman earns more money, the husband takes charge of it and spends it as he thinks fit.
2. In places of political power (municipal corporations and state assemblies), women’s opinions are not given much importance.

C.L.M. Poem Summary in English

This poem expresses love and regrets in a very unusual way. It has to be said that the poem is written to his mother or at least written with his mother in mind.

It starts out by explaining how mother gave him life and died and it continues to explain, how he expresses grief, for his mother cannot see him grown-up and cannot see how his son has lived his life.

The third stanza turns to the idea that even if death could be undone and his mother would be reincarnated it would be of no use because they would not recognize each other.

In the fourth stanza, the whole poem takes an unusual turn for the author thinks that he is in debt to his mother and all womankind for the suffering they need to undergo when bearing the child and when in labour.

He concludes the poem with more feeling of guilt for he thinks he has not repaid the favour of living to her mother and due to that to women in general.

The author thinks that he is also to blame for the fact that men are considered superior to women for he has not done anything about it. In some sense, the author expresses concern over the inequality of sexes.

Even if it could be considered or labelled as a love poem it cannot be compared with the poem beauty for the difference of tone is too great.

C.L.M. Poem Summary in Kannada

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What is Moral Action? Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

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Comprehension Questions

I. Answer the following questions briefly:

What Is Moral Action Class 10 KSEEB Solutions Question 1.
In paragraph one, Gandhiji says that our conventional behaviour is :
a. Immoral
b. moral
c. neither moral nor immoral
d. necessary
e. unnecessary
Answer:
(c) neither moral nor immoral.

Moral Action Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 2.
What is a non-moral action?
Answer:
Action which does not necessarily involve morality, but is born of prevailing conventions.

What Is Moral Action Class 10 Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
What is the difference between a mechanical act and an intentional act?
Answer:
If the action is done mechanically and does not spring from our own will, there is no moral content in the act. It is a mechanical act. Such action would be moral if we think it proper to act like a machine and do so since in doing so, we use our discrimination.

What Is Moral Action Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 4.
Give an example each for conventional behaviour and a moral act.
Answer:
Greeting everyone in the morning is conventional behaviour. It becomes a moral act when it is done with the intention of brightening up the lives of those people.

What Is Moral Action Question And Answer KSEEB Solutions Question 5.
The first Paragraph discusses what is not a moral action. The second paragraph gives one important criterion to decide what constitutes a moral action. What is that criterion?
Answer:
A moral act must spring from our own will, from the use of our discrimination. This is the criterion.

What Is Moral Action KSEEB Solutions Question 6.
When can the messenger’s act become a moral action?
Answer:
When the messenger, instead of mechanically delivering the order, does it because it is his duty to do so, it becomes a moral action.

What Is Moral Action Class 10 Lesson Summary KSEEB Solutions  Question 7.
When, according to Gandhi, can we regard ourselves to have stepped on to the moral road?
Answer:
When we all care only for what our conscience says, then alone can we be regarded to have stepped onto the moral road.

What Is Moral Action Class 10 KSEEB  Question 8.
What is the belief that Gandhi talks of in paragraph 2?
Answer:
Gandhiji says that we cannot be truly moral if we do not believe and experience the belief that God within us, the God of all, is the ever-present witness to all our acts.

What Is Moral Action Summary KSEEB Solutions Question 9.
All good actions need not be moral acts. When does good action become a moral act? (paragraph 3). Give an example
Answer:
Feeding poor people is an example of a good action. It is a moral act when the person, out of pity for the poor, feeds them.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 10 English What Is Moral Action Question 10.
In the example of feeding the poor, whose action is moral action?
Answer:
When a man, out of pity for the poor, feeds them, it is a moral act. When he does the same act with the motive of earning prestige, the action is no longer moral.

What Is Non Moral Action Class 10 KSEEB Solutions Question 11.
The result of our action determines whether our action is moral or non-moral (say whether the statement is True or False)
Answer:
False

What Is Moral Action KSEEB Solutions KSEEB Solutions Question 12.
Why does Gandhi say that Alexander’s conquests cannot be called moral actions?
Answer:
Alexander’s conquests cannot be called moral actions because the intention behind all of them was only power and renown.

Moral Action KSEEB Solutions KSEEB Solutions Question 13.
In each paragraph, Gandhiji adds one criterion to consider an action moral. What criterion is added in paragraph 4?
Answer:
Gandhiji says that an action is moral if it is done voluntarily and without compulsion or fear.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 10 English Moral Action Question 14.
When does simple living become moral?
Answer:
Simple living becomes moral when the person, although wealthy, thinks of all the want and misery in the world about him and feels that he ought to live a plain, simple life and not one of ease and luxury.

Question 15.
When does an employee’s action of paying higher salaries to his employees remain non-moral?
Answer:
When the employer sympathizes with his employees or pays them higher wages lest they leave him, his action remains non-moral.

Question 16.
When Gandhiji quotes Shakespeare (in paragraph 5), what argument does he want to strengthen?
Answer:
When he quotes Shakespeare, Gandhiji wants to emphasize the point that any action, even one of showing love, done with a profit motive, ceases to be a moral action. Honesty should be resorted to, not because it dies the best policy of all, but because it is the right policy.

Question 17.
Gandhiji mentions the name of Henry Clay as an example of moral/ non-moral action. (Choose the right answer)
Answer:
Non-moral action.

Question 18.
What qualities of David Webster does Gandhiji mention?
Answer:
David Webster had great intellect and a wonderful sense of the heroic and the sublime.

Question 19.
What is the single mean act of Webster mentioned in paragraph 6?
Answer:
He once sold his intellectual’ integrity for a price.

Question 20.
Why is it difficult to judge the morality of a man’s action?
Answer:
It is difficult to judge the morality of a man’s action because we cannot penetrate the depths of his mind.

Question 21.
What arguments does Gandhiji give to justify that a moral act should be free from fear and compulsion?
Answer:
He says that there is no morality in a person’s act if he rises early out of the fear that, if he is late for his office, he may lose . his situation. Similarly, there is no morality in his living a simple and unpretentious life if he has not the means to live otherwise.

Question 22.
To sum up, an action becomes moral when an action: (Complete the following)
Answer:
a. springs from one’s will (paragraph 2)
b. is done with the intention to do good (from paragraph 3)
c. is done without compulsion or fear (from paragraph 4)
d. has no self-interest behind it (from par’1 u
e. is not done with expectations of benefit in life after death (paragraph 6)
Answer:
is not done with expectations of benefit in life after death.

II. Close Study :

Read the following extracts carefully. Discuss in pairs and then write the answers to the questions given below them.

Question 1.
The great Saint Theresa wished to have a touch in her right hand and a vessel of water in her left so that with the one she might burn the glories of heaven and with the other extinguish the fires of hell, and men might learn to serve God from love alone without fear of hell and without temptation of heavenly bliss.
a. Why did Saint Theresa hold a torch in her right hand?
Answer:
She desired to burn the glories of heaven with the torch.

b. What does ‘a vessel of water’ signify?
Answer:
She desired to extinguish the fires of hell with the vessel of water.

c. What was her message to humanity?
Answer:
She wanted people to learn to serve God from love along without fear of hell and without the temptation of heavenly bliss.

Question 2.
Wherever he went (in the course of his conquests), he took the Greek language and Greek culture, arts and manners, and today we enjoy the benefits of Greek civilization. It was all right that he was termed “great”, but moral he cannot be called.
a. Who does ‘he’ refer to?
Answer:
‘he’ refers the Greek Emperor, Alexander, the Great.

b. What is his contribution to mankind?
Answer:
He took the Greek language and Greek culture, arts and manners to different parts of the world, thereby enabling all of them to enjoy the benefits of Greek civilization.

c. Why doesn’t Gandhi consider him moral?
Answer:
Though he went to different parts of the world, the intention behind Alexander’s action was only conquest and renown.

III. Paragraph Writing:

Discuss in pairs/groups of four each the answers to the following questions. Individually note down the important points for each question and then develop the points into a one-paragraph answer.

Question 1.
Write on Mahatma Gandhi’s comments on action prompted by the motive of happiness in another world.
Answer:

1. Gandhiji says that action done for considerations of comfort and personal happiness in another world is non-moral.
2. St. Francis Xavier prayed passionately because it was man’s duty to pray.
3. St. Theresa kept a torch and a vessel of water so that man learns to serve God without any fear or temptations.
4. It is difficult to judge the morality of man’s action.

Paragraph: Gandhiji says that an action done for considerations of comfort and personal happiness in another world is non-moral. That action is moral which is done only for the sake of doing good. St. Francis Xavier prayed passionately that his mind might always remain pure. For him, the devotion of God was not for enjoying a higher seat after death. He prayed because it was man’s duty to pray.

St. Theresa wished to have a torch in her right hand and a vessel might burn the glories of heaven and with the other extinguish the fires of hell, and men might learn to serve God from love along without fear of hell and without the temptation of heavenly bliss. Commenting upon great men who have sacrificed their values for their ambitions, Gandhiji says that with one mean act, they have wiped out all their good deeds. This just shows how difficult it is to judge the morality of man’s action because we cannot penetrate the depths of his mind.

Question 2.
Why does Gandhi say that moral action should be done without compulsion?
Answer:

1. A moral act should be free from fear and compulsion.
2. Even rising early out of fear of losing situation will render it non-moral.
3. Similarly living a simple life because one doesn’t have the means to live otherwise is not a moral act.
4. An employer sympathizing with employees or paying them higher wages for fear that they would leave him is not performing a moral act.

Paragraph: Gandhiji says that a moral act should be free from fear and compulsion. He says that there is no morality whatsoever in a person’s act if he rises early out of the fear that, if he is late to his office, he may lose his situation. Similarly, there is no morality in his living a simple and unpretentious life if he has not the means to live Otherwise.

Plain, simple living would be moral if, though wealthy, the person thinks of all the want and misery in the world about him – and feels that he ought to live a plain, simple life and not one of east and luxury.

Likewise, it is only selfish and hot moral, of an employer to sympathize with his employees or pay them higher wages lest they leave him. It would be moral if the employer wished well of them and treated them kindly realizing how he owed his prosperity to them.

IV. Vocabulary Exercises
A. Discuss in pairs the similarity or difference in meaning/usage between the following pairs of words (use a dictionary)

1. Say × tell
2. moral × morale
3. custom × habit
4. between × among
5. enough × sufficient
6. same × similar
7. culture × civilization
8. rise × raise
9. sympathy × empathy
10. practice × practice
11. pardon × forgive × excuse
12. mistake × error × blunder
13. conscience × consciousness × conscientious

Answer:

1. Say × tell: The difference is in the usage :
   ‘say’ is used thus: Subject + say + to + indirect object.
   E.g. I would like to say that he did a great job.
   ‘Tell’ is used thus: Subject + tell + indirect object.
   E.g. I told him to come tomorrow.
2. moral × morale :
   Moral: a lesson about right or wrong that can be learned from a story or experience.
   Morale: the level of confidence or spirits «
3. custom × habit:
   Custom: a traditional way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a society, place or time.
   Habit: something that a person does often.
4. between × among :
   Between: at, into or across the space separating (two things) or relating to two people.
   Among: shared by more than two people or surrounded by.
5. enough × sufficient :
   Enough: as such or as many as is necessary or desirable: is used after adjective and before both concrete and abstract nouns;
   Sufficient: adequate: is used before concrete nouns.
6. same × similar :
   Same: one exactly like the other.
   Similar: one having some features of the other, not all:
7. culture × civilization :
   Culture – the arts, customs, institutions of a nation, people or group. It is part of a civilization:
   Civilization – an advanced stage or system of human social development.
8. rise × raise :
   rise – come or go up;
   raise – lift or move upwards
   (something)
9. sympathy × empathy :
   Sympathy: the feeling of being sorry for someone:
   Empathy: understand and share the feelings of another.
10. practice × practice:
    Practice: the action of doing something rather than the theories about it;
    Practise: do (something) repeatedly so as to become skillful.
11. pardon × forgive × excuse :
    pardon – the action of forgiving, someone for an error or offense; it is also used when one has to ask for a repetition of words or make a request.
    Forgive – stop feeling angry or resentful towards (someone) for an offense or mistake; not used when. one has to make a request.
    Excuse – justify or try to justify (a fault or offense); allow (someone) to leave a room or gathering.
12. mistake × error × blunder :
    Mistake – a thing that is incorrect; also used to mean ‘confuse’ (someone or something) with
    Error – a genuine mistake made in speech or writing;
    Blunder – a stupid or careless mistake.

B. Give one-word substitutes to the following :

1.  The absence of government
2.  A story that gives a moral
3. One who takes delight in the suffering of others
4. Making atonement for one’s sins
5. A decision which cannot be changed

Answers:

1. anarchy
2. fable
3. sadist
4. penitent
5. irrevocable

V. Language Activities:

A. Paragraph Writing:
A coherent paragraph consists of a topic sentence (TS) – which gives you the main idea of the paragraph. Then there are supporting sentences (SS) that strengthen the topic sentence and a concluding sentence (CS)- which concludes the paragraph on a coherent note.

Look at the following paragraph:
Global advertising today is the biggest and most sophisticated thought-control project ever undertaken. (TS) Some statistics reveal the true extent of this phenomenon. (SS) Global advertising expenditures according to Benjamin Barber (in his book Jihad versus McWorld, 1996) rose “seven-fold from 1950 to 1990 from a modest $ 39 bn to $256 bn.” (SS) Barber adds that per capita global spending went up from $15 in 1950 to nearly $ 50 in 1996. (SS) One single company, the hamburger giant McDonald, spends more than 1.4 bn dollars each year on advertising. (SS) All these figures are huge indeed and getting bigger all the time. (CS)

The opening sentence: Global advertising… is the Topic sentence. This is followed by four Supporting sentences that strengthen the main idea and a Concluding sentence that sums up the paragraph.

Arrange the jumbled sentences in a logical sequence and develop them into a coherent paragraph: (Identify the topic sentence and supporting sentences).

1. She founded the Missionaries of Charity -1950.
2. Nobel Peace Prize -1979.
3. Mother Teresa- known for her compassion and humanity- born in 1910.
4. Worked in the slums of Calcutta.
5. Bharat Ratna-1980.
6. Rendered yeoman service to humankind.
7. Title of the ‘blessed’- beatification- 2003.
8. Passed away- 05 September 1997.

Answer:
Mother Teresa who was known for her compassion and humanity, was born in 1910. (IS) She worked in the slums of Calcutta. (SS) She founded the Missionaries of Charity and rendered yeoman service to humankind. (SS) Her work was recognized nationally and internationally. (SS) She was honored with the Nobel Prize in 1979, and the Bharat Ratna in 1980. (SS) She passed away on 5th September 1997. (SS) In 2003, in a beatification ceremony, she was given the title of the ‘blessed’.(CS).

B. Note Making/Taking:
Note making/taking is an important skill. It helps to summarise and record information during reading/listening. Various methods like linear notes, flow charts, tree diagrams, spidergrams and different types of layouts like tables, lists and diagrams are followed. Given below is an example of note making using a flow chart.

M.K. Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869, in the princely state of Porbandar, now part of Gujarat. After matriculation, he went to England to study law in 1888. Having passed his bar examinations, he returned to India in 1891, only to proceed to South Africa where he hoped to do better as a lawyer, than in his own city. The future Mahatma was actually made here in the land of racialism and acquired a new weapon to fight the white oppressor. This was Satyagraha, which subsequently in India, was to be reinforced with truth and non-violence, and with which, he won freedom from the British Empire. Until his assassination in 1948, Gandhiji’s efforts were to wean his contemporaries away from wickedness, and rightly, he remained ‘the conscience of mankind.

Task: Make notes on the following passage using any method of your choice.

Louis Pasteur, born in a little French country town, was interested in chemistry when he was very young. After studying hard in Paris and showing great promise, he began to teach and lecture as Professor of Chemistry. He became a-Professor at Strasburg in Allace, and he married a wife who was always to be his closest companion and assistant.

Pasteur was deeply interested in all the new experiments that were being made in chemistry and decided to solve some of the difficult problems that were worrying chemists and other scientists. Sometimes he used to sit for hours, quite silent and motionless, thinking hard about one of his difficulties. He found this the easiest way to solve a problem: and when he thought of a solution, his kind, the tired looking face would brighten with pleasure and excitement and he would rush round to tell his discovery to his wife and to others who were helping him.

VI. Speaking Activity:

A. In groups of four each, prepare a list of ten people (alive or dead) who qualify for being moral as per Gandhiji’s specifications. Also, state the reason why you chose them. Then share your findings with your neighboring group.
Name Reasons for your choice:
Answer:

1. Lord Buddha: He gave up all his worldly pleasures because he was moved by the suffering of the people around him.
2. Lord Mahavira: He renounced worldly pleasures in order to become close to common people and help them.
3. Adi Shankaracharya: He chose to go away from his family in order to travel all over India and spread the knowledge of the Vedas and Upanishads.
4. Lord Jesus Christ: Preached truth, non-violence, and sacrifice.
5. Lord Basaveshwara: Preached equality of all human beings.
6. Mahatma Gandhiji: Fought for justice for people in all areas and adopted a simple lifestyle in order to identify himself with the millions of poor India.
7. Mother Teresa: Left her home and native country and settled in India in order to serve the poor and the suffering.
8. Baba Amte: Dedicated his life to service of the poor and the suffering.
9. Sunderlal Bahuguna: Created awareness about the importance of saving trees and dedicated his life to the protection of the environment.
10. Nelson Mandela: Adopted Gandhian principles of Satyagraha and non-violence and fought for the independence of his country.

B. Do you support Sri? Anna Hazare’s crusade against corruption in public life. Discuss in groups of four each
and arrive at five important reasons for your support. Then share your: findings with your neighboring‘ group.
Answer:
Yes. His crusade against corruption in public life has to be supported by everyone interested in the future of India. The reasons are as follows :

1. He is the first person to actively take up the cause of removal of corruption in India.
2. He follows the Gandhian principles of non-violence and satyagraha.
3. Like Gandhiji, even he has gone on fasts for many days in order to get the Lokpal bill passed.
4. He speaks eloquently and can inspire thousands of youngsters to join his movement.
5. The country urgently needs a leader who can inspire Indians.

VII. Grammar Revisited:

A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verbs (present simple, continuous or perfect) given in brackets.

1. Sachin great innings (play)
2. “Look! He there (go). I him walking this side every day (see)”. Yes, I too many times here (see).
3. “Have you finished reading the book I gave you?” “No, still I it (read). I only half of it”, (read).
4. “Where are you going ?” “I to school, (go) The H.M. to meet her” (ask)
5. My sister medicine (study). She 4 years already, (complete).
6. “Are you both still eating ?”. No, I mine (finish) but Panka still(eat).
7. Prices up (go) and it very difficult to make both ends meet (be).
8. ok! That light all night (burn)
9. He the essay for the last 2 days (write) but he is yet (not complete).
10. Ramesh in the same class for the last 3 years, (study)

Answers:

1. plays
2. is going; see; have seen
3. am reading; read
4. a going; asked
5. is studying; has completed
6. have finished; is eating
7. going; is
8. has been burning
9. has been writing; has not yet completed
10. has been studying.

B. Choose the most appropriate form of verbs and fill in the blanks:

1. I ____ (light) the light at 5 and it ______ (burn) brightly when Hari came in at 7.
2. I ______ (make) coffee when the light (go) out.
3. I _____ (not want) to meet Aziz, so when he entered the room I (leave).
4. The car had nobody in it, but the engine _______ (run).
5. My friend and I _____ (talk) about you the other day.
6. She suddenly ______ (realize) that she ______ (travel) in the wrong direction.
7. When I _____ (look) for my pass book, I _____ (find) this old photograph.
8. “How did you ______ (damage) your car so badly? “I _____ (run) into a lamp post yesterday.”
9. As I ______ (cross) the road, I (step) on a banana skin and (fall) heavily.
10. While the guests _____ (watch T.V), thieves _____ (break) into the house and _____ (steal) a lot of gold.
11. He ______ (discover) to his horror that his child_____ (swallow) a coin.
12. The little girl _____ (ask), what _____ (happen) to her ice cream.
13. It ____ (be) the mad man who _____ (do) the killing.
14. Before I ____ (reach) the class, the teacher ______ (begin) the lesson.
15. When I _____ (reach) the bus stop, I _____ (tell) that the bus ______ (leave) already.
16. The test ______ (be) much easier thanI ____ (think) first.
17. He _____ (refuse) to admit that he _____ (steal) the mobile.
18. He ______ (give) me back the book,____(thank) me for lending it to him and ______ (say) that he _____ (enjoy) it very much; but I ______ (know) that he _____ (not read) it because most of the pages _____ (be) still uncut.
19. I ______ (think) my train _____ (leave) at 2 and _____ (be) very disappointed when I _____ (arrive) at 1.45 and —(learn) that it just ______ (leave). I found later that I ______(use) an out-of-date time table.
20. A woman ______ (come) in with a baby, who she ______ (say) just _______ (swallow) a safety pin.

Answers:

1. lit; was burning
2. was making; went
3. did not want; left
4. was running
5. were talking
6. realized; was travelling
7. was looking; found
8. damage; ran
9. was crossing; stepped; fell
10. were watching T.V.; broke; stole
11. discovered; had swallowed
12. asked; had happened
13. was; did
14. reached; had begun
15. reached; was told; had left
16. was; had thought
17. refused; had stolen
18. gave; thanked; said; had enjoyed; know; had not read; were.
19. thought; would leave; was; arrived; learned; had just left; had used.
20. came; said; had swallowed.

C. Supply the correct Past tense:
When the old lady (return) to her flat she (see) at once that burglars (break) in during her absence, because of the front door (be open) and everything in the flat (be) upside down. The burglars themselves (be) no longer there, but they probably only just (leave) because a cigarette was .still burning on an ornamental table. Probably they (hear) the lift coming up and (run) down the fire escape. They (help)’ themselves to her whiskey too but there (be) a little left, so she (pour) herself out a drink. She (wonder) if they (find) her jewelry and rather (hope) that they had. The jewelry (be give) her by her husband, who (die) some years before. Since his death she (not have) the heart to wear it, yet she (not like) to sell it. Now it (seems) that fate (take) the matter out of her hands; and certainly the insurance money would come in handy.
Answer:
When the old lady returned to her flat she saw at once that burglars had broken in during her absence, because the front door was open and everything in the flat was upside down. The burglars themselves were no longer there, but they probably only just left because a cigarette was still burning on an ornamental table. Probably they had heard the lift coming up and had run down the fire escape. They had helped themselves to her whiskey too but there was a little left, so she poured herself out a drink. She wondered if they had found her jewellery and rather hoped that they had. The jewellery had been given her by her husband, who had died some years,’ before. Since his death, she had not had the heart to wear it, yet she had not liked to sell it. Now it seemed that fate had taken the matter out of her hands, and certainly, the insurance money would? come in handy.

D. Future Time
The word Tense refers to the form of the verb and not to time. In this sense, English has only, two Tenses – Present and Past (come-came). But English has many ways of referring to future time with shades of difference in meaning.

Look at the following five sentences. Discuss in pairs and find out the difference in meaning: ” My father will meet the H.M. tomorrow. ? My father is meeting the H. M. tomorrow.
My father is going to meet at H.M. tomorrow.
My father will be meeting the H.M. tomorrow.
My father meets H.M. tomorrow.
Answer:
My father will meet at H.M. tomorrow.

What is Moral Action Summary in English

Gandhiji mentions six qualities of an action which qualify it to be called moral and the absence of which make it non-moral.

Many actions are done because they are a part of society’s conventions. Without such behavior, there will be anarchy in society. Such acts are non-moral.

An act to be called moral should spring from our own will. It should not be performed mechanically, without any discrimination or thought.

A good act is not a moral act if the person does not have the intention to do good. Results of our action should be left to God. Alexander, though called Great, was not moral.

There should be no self-interest behind a moral act. Even honesty cannot be practiced as the best policy. It should be the only policy.

An act done for consideration of comfort and personal happiness in another world is non-moral. That action is moral which is done only for the sake of doing good. St. Francis Xavier and St. Theresa has devoted souls who prayed to God because they loved him. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster lived virtuous lives but sacrificed their virtue just once, thereby negating all the good they had done.

Gandhiji concludes that judging the morality of a man’s action is very difficult since we cannot penetrate the depths of his mind.

What is Moral Action Summary in Kannada

Hope all the information given regarding Karnataka Class 10 English Chapter 5 What is Moral Action? will help you to get good knowledge. For any queries, you can contact us and clear your doubts. Connect with us using the comment section. Also, we love your feedback and review. Get your Chapter Wise Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 10 Textbook Solutions for English PDF start learning for the exam.

Every chapter available in the KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions subject is explained clearly in an easy way. Learn the depth concept by referring to the Chapter wise Abraham Lincoln’s Letter Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary Class 10 English Karnataka State Board Solutions. Have a look at every topic and get the complete knowledge on the English subject. Just refer to Karnataka Class 10 English Poem Chapter 2 Abraham Lincoln’s Letter pdf and have a grip on the total subject.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter Poem Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

I believe that the best book is like a best friend to know the complete world by sitting in one place. When you have the best book you have many options to get great knowledge. Selecting the best book will lead to reaching your goal. Students who are looking for the best book to learn English can use Karnataka Board Solutions for Class 10 English Chapter 2 Abraham Lincoln’s Letter. Immediately start your learning with Karnataka Board Class 10 English Solutions Pdf.

Comprehension Questions

I. Answer briefly the following questions:

KSEEB Solutions For Class 10 English Abraham Lincoln Question 1.
In the first line, ‘he’ refers to ______and I refers to ______.
Answer:
‘He’ refers to Abraham Lincoln’s son, and T refers to himself.

Abraham Lincoln Letter To His Son’s Teacher Summary KSEEB Solutions Question 2.
The first line, “He will have to learn” means that
a. the son has the choice either to learn, or not to learn the values listed.
b. the son has no choice.
Answer:
(b) the son has no choice.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter To His Son’s Teacher Summary KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
………. all men are not just
all men are not true. These lines convey
a. a one-sided view of life.
b. the harsh reality of life.
c. Lincoln’s personal view.
Answer:
(b) the harsh reality of life.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter To His Son’s Teacher Questions Answers Pdf Question 4.
The statement “for every scoundrel, there is a hero” means
a. the number of scoundrels in this world is equal to the number of heroes.
b. for every bad person in this world, there is a good person.
c. in spite of all the wickedness in this world, there is enough goodness.
Answer:
(c) in spite of all the wickedness in this world, there is enough goodness.

Abraham Lincoln Letter To His Son’s Teacher Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 5.
Why is it important for a child to learn that the world is also filled with heroes, dedicated leaders and friends?
Answer:
If the child is not aware of the heroes, leaders and friends, he might think that the world has only scoundrels, selfish politicians and enemies and become dejected.

Abraham Lincoln Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 6.
The first 7 lines emphasize
a. the value of positivity
b. the negative aspects of life
c. both the positive and the negative sides of life,
Answer:
(c) both the positive and negative sides of life.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter To His Son’s Teacher Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 7.
Pick out the line which says that hard earned money has greater value than easy money.
Answer:
That a dollar earned is of far more value than five found ’.

Abraham Lincoln Letter To His Son’s Teacher KSEEB  Question 8.
What does the phrase ‘learn to lose-’ mean?
Answer:
Be sportive and accept defeat with a smile.

Abraham Lincoln Letter To His Son’s Teacher Question Answer KSEEB Solutions Question 9.
In what sense is it more honourable to fail than to cheat?
Answer:
It is better to admit that one doesn’t know than to pretend to know everything.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 10.

1. Why doesn’t the father want his son to follow the crowd?
2. How can this value be linked to having faith in oneself?

Answer:

1. The crowd might be interested in doing something wrong. Hence the father doesn’t want his son to follow it but he confident about his own purpose in life.
2. People who usually develop bad habits or engage in crimes do so only because they want to impress others or be equal to others by hook or crook. The father doesn’t want his son to live only to impress others.

Abraham Lincoln Letter To His Son’s Teacher Summary Pdf KSEEB Solutions Question 11.
What kind of a listener does the father want his son to be?
Answer:
The father wants his son to listen to all kinds of people but not believe everything he hears. He wants his son to filter all that he hears on a screen of truth.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter To His Son’s Teacher Solutions KSEEB Solutions Question 12.

1. Is it possible to laugh when one is sad?
2. What value is the writer highlighting here?

Answer:

1. Every event has both positive and negative sides to it. When one has the ability to look at both of them, it is possible to laugh when one is sad.
2. The writer is highlighting the value of stoicism in life.

Abraham Lincoln Poem Summary KSEEB Solutions Question 13.
What does Lincoln mean when he says, ‘too much sweetness’?
Answer:
Lincoln wants his son to be careful about people who speak very sweetly to him because he knows that only those people who want some favour from us are very sweet to us.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter Summary KSEEB Solutions Question 14.
What does the poet-father mean by ‘close his ears to a howling mob’?
Answer:
A mob can be very effective in influencing a person to be bad and wrong, no matter how determined he is to be good and correct. Hence the father wants his son to close his ears to a howling mob and have faith in his own good sense.

Question 15.
What is the ultimate teaching Lincoln recommends, and to what end?
Answer:
He wants his son’s teacher to teach his son to have sublime faith in himself because only then the son will have sublime faith in mankind.

Question 16.
Lincoln does not want his son ‘to put a price tag on his soul’. What does he mean by this?
Answer:
Lincoln wants his son to remain incorruptible throughout his life, and never compromise on values.

Question 17.
Why is it is essential for someone to have “sublime faith in mankind”?
Answer:
When a person has ‘sublime faith in mankind’, the faith that even when a person is bad, he will be so only sometimes and not always, the faith that all men are not bad even if some are, then the mind is calm and optimistic. Such a peaceful mind will not provoke the person to violence or hatred or make him fearful. Such a mind will enable him to be courageous, loving, and patient with everyone.

Question 18.
In the line, “This is a big order”

1. What does ‘this’ refer to?
2. What does ‘a big order’ mean here?

Answer:

1. This’ refers to all that the father wants the teacher to teach his son. The father’s request is referred to here.
2. ‘A big order’ refers to the various values the father wants to be developed in his son.

Question 19.
When the father says, “This is a big order”, it implies
a. that the father has no faith in the teachers or the school.
b. that the father has no faith in his son’s ability to acquire these values.
c. that the task of teaching such values is too difficult for any teacher or school.
Answer:
(c) that the task of teaching such values is too difficult for any teacher or school.

Question 20.
There are a few other expressions which indicate that the task of inculcating such values is not easy for the teacher or the school. Pick out the expressions.
Answer:
‘It will take time, I know; Tiy to give my son; The phrase ‘if you can is repeated many times, indicating that the writer knows the difficulty of the task.

Question 21.
The poem has a long list of contrasting values.
E.g.: scoundrel × hero
selfish politician × dedicated leader.
Pick out the rest from the poem.
Answer:

• enemy × friend;
• dollar earned × five found;
• learn to lose × enjoy winning;
• wonder of books × eternal mystery
  of birds in the sky;
• honourable to fail × to cheat;
  gentle × tough;
• how to laugh × when he is sad;
• sell his brawn and brain to the highest
• bidders × never to put .a price-tag on his soul;
• treat him gently × do not cuddle him;
• courage to be impatient × patience to be brave;
• sublime faith in himself × sublime faith in mankind;
• a big order × see what you can do.

Question 22.
Identify the lines which highlight the following qualities or values:
a. to be positive and optimistic
Answer:
And take only the good that comes through …………. how to laugh when he is sad ………….

b. to be able to accept failure and defeat
Answer:
Teach him to learn to lose ………. And also to enjoy winning.

c. to be able to appreciate what is beyond human understanding
Answer:
‘But also give him quiet time to ponder the eternal mystery of birds in the sky, bees in the sun, and the flowers on a green hillside.’

d. to have faith and belief in oneself
Answer:
Teach him to have faith in his own ideas, even if everyone tells him they are wrong ………..

e. not to tread the beaten track
Answer:
‘Try to give my son the strength not to follow the crowd when everyone is getting on the bandwagon………..’

f. not being gullible
Answer:
Teach him to listen to all men …………. but teach him also to filter all he hears on a screen of truth.’

g. to be able to discriminate the right from the wrong.
Answer:
Teach him to close his ears to a howling mob ……… And to stand and fight if he thinks he’s right.’

II. Close Study

Read the following extracts carefully. Discuss in pairs and then write the answers to the questions given below them.

Question 1.
Teach him, that for every enemy there is a friend.
It will take time, I know;

1. What does the first line mean?
2. What human virtue is highlighted here?
3. What will take time?

Answer:

1. The first line means that the world is not made up of only enemies but so many people who can be good friends.
2. Positively of the mind.
3. Understanding people and recognizing their goodness.

Question 2.
Only the test of fire makes fine steel.

1. Who is this line meant for?
2. Explain the literal meaning of the line.
3. What human virtue is emphasized here?

Answer:

1. It is meant for the son.
2. Only when steel passes through fire, can it become strong.
3. Courage to face adversities in life.

III. Paragraph writing:

Discuss in pairs/groups of 4 each, the answers to the following questions. Individually note down the important points for each question and then develop the points into one paragraph answers:

Question 1.
Teach him to listen to all men but teach him to filter all he hears on a screen of truth’. Bring out the different ideas conveyed in these lines.
Answer:

1. Show respect to everyone by listening to them without discrimination.
2. Never accept anything at face value.
3. Ponder deeply about everything he hears and accepts something as the truth only after considering it properly.

Paragraph: The poet here says that it is important to listen to all men. However, he wants his son to give in to what they say, but learn to filter all that he has heard and found out what the truth is and follow it.

Question 2.
Do you agree with the poet when he says, Only the test of fire makes fine steel’. Give reasons to support your point of view.
Answer:

1. The poet wants his son to pass through fire.
2. He is sure that only the test of fire produces strong steel.
3. The poet wants not the absence of fire but its presence so that his son emerges stronger.

Paragraph: The line refers to the way the poet wants his son to be trained in school. Literally, the line means that when steel is tempered
with fire it gets harder. Similarly, if his son is put through rigorous training, he too could grow up to be tough as steel. The virtue that the poet is trying to uphold in this line is of discipline which moulds character. I personally think that discipline goes a long way in moulding character and imbibing values.

IV. Activities :

Work in groups of four or five each.

Question 1
a) List all the values which the poet-father wants the teacher to teach his son.
Answer:

1. Awareness of all kinds of people, good and bad;
2. importance of hard work;
3. sportive spirit;
4. a mind without any envy;
5. joys of reading and also appreciating nature;
6. honesty;
7. self-confidence;
8. gentleness with people;
9. toughness with people;
10. wisdom;
11. positivity;
12. optimism
13. faith in life;
14. caution about sycophancy;
15. assertiveness to demand his due at work;
16. self-righteousness;
17. courage to be impatient;
18. patience to be brave;
19. sublime faith in himself;
20. sublime faith in mankind.

b) Pick out any three values which, in your opinion, your teachers have to necessarily teach all students. State your reasons.
Answer:
Honesty, positivity and sublime faith in himself.

Honesty keeps the mind calm and peaceful, leading to happiness, it is also needed in order to have a realistic view of the world.

Positivity keeps the mind open and cheerful, thereby ready to face any kind of problems.

Sublime faith in himself will enable him to have sublime faith in mankind which is utterly necessary for a courageous, successful life.

c) Make suggestions on how those three values could be taught.
Answer:
The teacher has to be a model for all the qualities that he/she has to teach, or else all efforts will be futile. Honesty can be encouraged by convincing the students that there will be no punishment for the wrong done if the students voluntarily confess to it.

Positivity can be cultivated by discussing the positive and negative aspects of every event like that of securing high marks at tests, death of a close relative, becoming rich or poor, etc.

Sublime faith can be cultivated encouraging students to understand themselves thoroughly, have realistic goals and make every effort to achieve them.

One from each group presents the answers to the whole class.

Question 2.
The poet- father contrasts each harsh lesson that his son will have to learn with a truth about the world. Write down five such examples. The first one is done for you.
Answer:
The harsh lesson that the father wants his son to learn:

1. don’t follow the crowd
2. filter all that he hears.
3. laugh when he is sad.
4. never put price-tag on his soul.
5. stand and fight when he is right.

The truth about the world/People:

1. everyone is getting on the bandwagon.
2. listen to all men.
3. no shame in tears.
4. sell brawn and drain to highest bidders.
5. close his ears to a howling mob.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter Poem Summary in English

In this letter, Abraham Lincoln believed to have written to his son’s teacher, he emphasises on the values that he would like his son to learn. He wants his son to learn that all men are not just but he also wants his teacher to teach him that for every bad person there is a good person available in the world.

He further wants his son’s teacher to teach him the value of labour and hard work and he wants his son to learn that a dollar earned is of higher value than 5 dollars found without hard work.

He wants him to be away from jealousy and also learn the secret of quiet laughter. He wants his son to be taught that bullies are the easiest to please by saying yes to all their demands.

He wants his son to be taught the wonder of books. He wants also that his son is taught the value of quiet time in which he can ponder over the mysteries of nature and also learn that it is far more honourable to fail than to cheat.

He wants his son to be taught to have faith in his own ideas and to be gentle with the gentle and tough with the tough.

He wants the teacher to give his son the strength not to follow the crowd and filter all that he hears with the filter of truth. He wants the teacher to teach his son that one can laugh when one is sad yet that there is no shame in tears.

He wants his son to be taught how to be wary of too much sweetness and keep cynical, negative people away. He further asks the teacher to teach his son to sell his skills and talents to the highest bidder but also ensure that he never trades his soul for a price tag.

He wants his son to be taught to fight for what he thinks is right and he brave and to have faith in himself and others.

He ends the letter with a gentle order that the above things be taught to his son who is, after all, such a fine boy.

Abraham Lincoln’s Letter Poem Summary in Kannada

Hope all the information given regarding Karnataka Class 10 English Chapter 2 Abraham Lincoln’s Letter will help you to get good knowledge. For any queries, you can contact us and clear your doubts. Connect with us using the comment section. Also, we love your feedback and review. Get your Chapter Wise Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 10 Textbook Solutions for English PDF start learning for the exam.

Every chapter available in the KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions subject is explained clearly in an easy way. Learn the depth concept by referring to the Chapter wise Vachana Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary Class 10 English Karnataka State Board Solutions. Have a look at every topic and get the complete knowledge on the English subject. Just refer to Karnataka Class 10 English Poem Chapter 3 Vachana pdf and have a grip on the total subject.

Vachana Poem Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

I believe that the best book is like a best friend to know the complete world by sitting in one place. When you have the best book you have many options to get great knowledge. Selecting the best book will lead to reaching your goal. Students who are looking for the best book to learn English can use Karnataka Board Solutions for Class 10 English Chapter 3 Vachana. Immediately start your learning with Karnataka Board Class 10 English Solutions Pdf.

The Temple And The Body Poem Comprehension Questions

I. Answer briefly the following questions:

KSEEB Solutions For Class 10 English Vachana Question 1.
The lines The rich / will make a temple for Siva’, implies that
a. they want to please the Lord.
b. they can afford to build temples
c. they believe that this is how they can serve God
d. they believe that the temple is the only place to feel the presence of God.
Answer:
(c) they believe that this is how they can serve God.

The Temple And The Body Poem Summary In English Question 2.
Which of the following statements are true?
a. the speaker is against building any structures for worshiping God
b. it’s not possible for the speaker to build a temple.
c. it’s only an excuse given by the speaker for not being able to build a temple.
d. the speaker believes that God is present within ourselves and not in any temple.
Answer:
(d) the speaker believes that God is present within ourselves and not in any temple.

Vachana KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
What are the feelings of the speaker, suggested in the question, “what shall I, a poor man, do?”
a. helplessness
b. doubt
c. humility
d. anger
e. pride
f. anguish.
Answer:
(f) anguish

The Temple And The Body Poem Notes Question 4.
The word ‘Listen’ in the last stanza is
a. an order
b. an appeal
c. a request
d. an advice
Answer:
(d) an advice

Vachana Notes Question 5.
The expression Things Standing’, suggests
a. any man-made temple
b. anybody who is standing
c. anything which is static
d. the human body
Answer:
(c) anything which is static.

The Temple And The Body Poem Questions And Answers Question 6.
There are two examples of paradox in the last two lines (A paradox is a statement containing opposite ideas)
a) What opposite ideas are suggested in ‘things standing shall fall’?
Answer:
Things standing shall fall’ can be interpreted in various ways. The poet laments his inability to build temples, hence the phrase can refer to temples which are subject to nature’s fury and destruction over a period of time. It can also refer to pride and arrogance which can make a person stand erect in front of God when he should be bowing before Him. It may also mean that static objects that are moved by piety and devotion, are subject to destruction and decay while the heart that is filled with devotion is blessed and becomes immortal.

b) What opposite ideas are suggested in ‘ the moving shall ever stay’?
Answer:
The moving shall ever stay’ – this phrase too can be interpreted in many ways. The ‘moving’, i.e., the human heart which is a ‘moving temple’ cannot be destroyed by nature’s fury unlike a temple that can be damaged easily by nature, ‘the moving’ can also refer to humble beings who are swayed by devotion and move according to God’s will unlike the ‘static’ that stand erect against God’s wishes and get destroyed.

These two phrases repeat the message of the line from the Bible:

“Be not like the mighty oak which can be filled, with a single stroke; Be like the humble reed which bends with the wind and stays. ”

Vachana Poem In English Question 7.
What final message do the last two lines convey?
Answer:
The poet is consoling himself that the temple which he would never be able to construct, would any day be destroyed, whereas the ‘moving temple’ that he carries in his heart would be immortal and intact. The lines can also mean that the one who ‘stands’ in front of God without bowing down to Him, will surely ‘fall’ or be destroyed, whereas ‘the moving’, the one who bows down in front of Him and acts according to His wish, would stay ever. The poet finds consolation in his modest circumstances and his devotion to God.

II. Close Study

Read the following extract carefully. Discuss in pairs and then write the answers to the questions given below it.
My legs are pillars,
the body the shrine,
the head a cupola of gold.

The Temple And The Body Poem Solutions Question 1.
How is the human body compared to a temple?
Answer:
The whole body is compared to a temple, with the legs being pillars, the body the shrine with the idol of God secure in the heart, and the head, a cupola of gold with serene thoughts protecting the God in the heart.

Vachana Class 10 Notes Question 2.
What is the figure of speech used here?
Answer:
The figure of speech used here is a metaphor.

The Temple And The Body Question 3.
Why is the speaker comparing the human body to a temple?
Answer:
The speaker wanted to construct a temple like the rich people do, and thereby please God, but he is very poor and cannot do so. Hence he decides to treat his own body as a temple with the God secure in his heart. – He also realizes that the temple built of brick and stone can be damaged by nature one day, whereas the ‘moving temple’ in his heart can never be.

The Temple And The Body Notes III. Paragraph Writing

Discuss in pairs/groups of four each and answer the following question. Note down the important points and then develop the points into a paragraph.

Temple And The Body Poem Question 1.
What ideas of spirituality emerged from the study of this well-known Vachana?
Answer:

1. Building temples for Siva is considered a good way to please the Lord.
2. However, everyone cannot build temples.
3. Temples built of stone and brick can be destroyed.
4. God is found not just in temples but also outside.
5. Carrying God in one’s own heart is the best way of worshipping Him.
6. This ‘moving temple’ cannot be destroyed at all.

Paragraph: In this poem, Basavanna tells us that a rich man can afford to build grand temples in honour of gods, but poor man can’t. However, with his devotion, i.e., with pure thoughts, actions and deeds, he can turn his body into a temple. He may offer his legs for pillars, his body fora shrine and his head for a cupola. A temple of faith is immortal as human beings live on generation after generation, but a temple of stone will perish sooner or later. With this analogy, the lyricist is telling us that faith in the heart is more important than cold stone structures dedicated to a God. To him true faith is more important than display of wealth by the rich who put up such structures.

Vachana Poem Summary in English

The poet desires to please God by building a temple for him but is a poor man, and hence cannot do so.
He wonders in anguish whether he will ever be able to please God.

He decides to treat his own body as a temple, with his legs for pillars, body for the shrine and the head for a cupola of gold.

He consoles himself saying that ‘things standing shall fall’, meaning that buildings will be destroyed by wind, rain and sunshine.

He is happy that ‘the moving ever shall stay’, meaning that he will be able to carry the ‘temple’ and his ‘God’ forever with himself, and so it will never be destroyed. It shall ‘stay’.

The poem or vachana was written by Basavanna at a time when people other than high caste people or Brahmins could not enter temples.

Vachana Poem Summary in Kannada

Hope all the information given regarding Karnataka Class 10 English Chapter 3 Vachana will help you to get good knowledge. For any queries, you can contact us and clear your doubts. Connect with us using the comment section. Also, we love your feedback and review. Get your Chapter Wise Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 10 Textbook Solutions for English PDF start learning for the exam.